AUTHOR=Liu Jia , Zhang Chi , Zhu Yongjie , Liu Yunmeng , Sun Hongjin , Ristaniemi Tapani , Cong Fengyu , Parviainen Tiina 

TITLE=Dissociable Effects of Reward on P300 and EEG Spectra Under Conditions of High vs. Low Vigilance During a Selective Visual Attention Task

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Human Neuroscience

VOLUME=Volume 14 - 2020

YEAR=2020

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/human-neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2020.00207

DOI=10.3389/fnhum.2020.00207

ISSN=1662-5161

ABSTRACT=The influence of motivation on selective visual attention (SVA) in high versus low vigilance
is poorly understood. We recorded EEG during prolonged 2 hours 20 min flanker task and
explored the effect of vigilance levels and reward on behavioral and neural measures. We
demonstrated that prolonged task performance results in vigilance decrement or mental fatigue,
impairing behavioral and neural activities. Monetary reward in low vigilance could lead to an
improvement in accuracy, reaction time, and omitted responses. The fatigue-related decrease
in P300 amplitude recovered to high-vigilance level by manipulating motivation, whereas the
fatigue-related increase in P300 latency was not modulated by reward. This suggests that
processing capacity, but not timing of processing, is sensitive to motivation. Additionally, the
fatigue-related increase in stimulus-induced rhythmic power at 1-4 Hz was sensitive to vigilance decrement and reward. However, the rhythmic power at 4-8 Hz was only impaired
by vigilance decrement. These findings suggest mental fatigue impairs behavior and neural
performance. After manipulating motivation, only some neural underpinnings of SVA were
recovered from fatigue impairment. These results further indicate dissociable neural
mechanisms underlying fatigue-related decrease vs. reward-related increase in attentional
resources.