AUTHOR=Sivori Simona , Carlomagno Simona , Pesce Silvia , Moretta Alessandro , Vitale Massimo , Marcenaro Emanuela 

TITLE=TLR/NCR/KIR: Which One to Use and When?

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=Volume 5 - 2014

YEAR=2014

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2014.00105

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2014.00105

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=By mean of a complex receptor array, NK cells can recognize variable patterns of ligands and regulate or amplify accordingly their effector functions.<br/>Such NK receptors include old, rather conserved, molecules, such as TLRs, which enable NK cells to respond both to viral and bacterial products, and newer and evolving molecules, such as KIRs and NCRs, which control NK cytotoxicity and are responsible for the elimination of virus-infected or tumor cells without damaging self unaltered cells. <br/>In addition, to rapidly gain new functions NK cells also can acquire new receptors by trogocytosis. Thus, NK cells may have adapted their receptors to different functional needs making them able to play a key role in the modulation of critical events occurring in several compartments of human body (primarily in SLCs but also in decidua during pregnancy).<br/>In this review, we will discuss on how the various types of receptors can be used to address specific functions in different immunological contexts. <br/>