AUTHOR=Bonomo Adriana , Monteiro Ana Carolina , Gonçalves-Silva Triciana , Cordeiro-Spinetti Eric , Galvani Rômulo Gonçalves , Balduino Alex 

TITLE=A T Cell View of the Bone Marrow

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=Volume 7 - 2016

YEAR=2016

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2016.00184

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2016.00184

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=The majority of T cells present in the bone marrow (BM) represent an activated/memory phenotype and most of these, if not all, are circulating T cells. Their lodging in the bone marrow keeps them activated, turning the bone marrow microenvironment into a “memory reservoir”. This article will focus on how T cell activation in the marrow results in both direct and indirect effect on the hematopoiesis. The hematopoietic stem cell niche will be presented, with its main components and organization, along with the role-played by T-lymphocytes in basal and pathologic conditions and their effect on the bone remodeling process. Also discussed herein will be how “normal” bone mass peak is achieved only in the presence of an intact adaptive immune system, with T and B cells playing critical roles in this process. Our main hypothesis is that the partnership between T cells and cells of the bone marrow microenvironment orchestrates numerous processes regulating immunity, hematopoiesis and bone remodeling.