AUTHOR=Oliver Amanda J. , Lau Peter K. H. , Unsworth Ashleigh S. , Loi Sherene , Darcy Phillip K. , Kershaw Michael H. , Slaney Clare Y. 

TITLE=Tissue-Dependent Tumor Microenvironments and Their Impact on Immunotherapy Responses

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=Volume 9 - 2018

YEAR=2018

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2018.00070

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2018.00070

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=Recent advances in cancer immunology have led to a better understanding on the role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in tumor initiation, progression and metastasis. Tumors can occur at many sites in the body and co-evolution between malignant tumor cells and non-malignant cells sculpts the TME at these sites. It has become increasingly clear that there are specific differences of the TMEs at different anatomical locations, and these tissue-specific TMEs regulate tumor growth, determine metastatic progression and impact on the outcome of therapy responses. Herein, we review the scientific advances in understanding tissue-specific TMEs, discuss their impact on immunotherapeutic response and assess the current clinical knowledge of these tissues-specific TMEs. A deeper understanding of the tissue-specific TME will help to develop effective immunotherapies against tumors and their metastases and assist in predicting clinical outcomes.