AUTHOR=Denis Morgane , Duruisseaux Michael , Brevet Marie , Dumontet Charles 

TITLE=How Can Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Cause Hyperprogression in Solid Tumors?

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=11

YEAR=2020

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2020.00492

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2020.00492

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=<p>Following the administration of immune checkpoint inhibitors, an unexpected pattern of response designated as hyperprogression may be observed in certain patients. This paradoxical response corresponds to an acceleration in tumor growth and a dramatic decrease of patient survival. The reported incidence rates of hyperprogressive disease are highly variable, ranging between 4 and 29%. In this review, we have performed a literature search on hyperprogressive disease, including both retrospective studies and case reports, and discuss potential predictive biomarkers as well as potential mechanisms associated with immune-checkpoint inhibitor associated hyperprogression.</p>