AUTHOR=Heger Lukas , Hofer Thomas P. , Bigley Venetia , de Vries I. Jolanda M. , Dalod Marc , Dudziak Diana , Ziegler-Heitbrock Loems 

TITLE=Subsets of CD1c+ DCs: Dendritic Cell Versus Monocyte Lineage

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=Volume 11 - 2020

YEAR=2020

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2020.559166

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2020.559166

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=Currently three bona fide dendritic cell (DC) types are distinguished in human blood. Herein we focus on type 2 DCs (DC2s) and compare the three defining markers CD1c, CD172 and CD301. Using CD1c to define DC2s, a CD14+ and a CD14- subset can be detected. The CD14+ subset shares features with monocytes and this includes substantially higher expression levels for MAFB, S100A8/9, CD163 and Ficolin1.   We review the current knowledge of these CD1c+ CD14+ cells as compared to the CD1c+ CD14- cells with respect to phenotype, function, transcriptomics and ontogeny. Here, we discuss informative mutations, which suggest that two populations have different developmental requirements. In addition, we cover subsets of CD11c+CD8- DC2s in the mouse, where CLEC12A+ESAMlow cells, as compared to the CLEC12A-ESAMhigh subset, also express higher levels of monocyte-associated markers lysozyme, CD14 and CD36. Finally, we summarize, for both man and mouse, the data on lower antigen presentation and higher cytokine production in the monocyte-marker expressing DC2 subset, which demonstrate that the DC2 subsets are also functionally distinct.