AUTHOR=Blagih Julianna , Hennequart Marc , Zani Fabio 

TITLE=Tissue Nutrient Environments and Their Effect on Regulatory T Cell Biology

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=Volume 12 - 2021

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.637960

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2021.637960

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are essential for mitigating inflammation and the availability of nutrients can help better serve or impair their function. Tregs are found ubiquitously in nearly every tissue and play either beneficial or harmful roles in the host. Mitochondrial oxidative metabolism plays a major role in supporting Treg polarization and fitness. While Tregs rely heavily on oxidation of fatty acids to support mitochondrial activity, they have found ways to adapt to different tissue types, such as tumours, to survive in competitive environments. In addition, metabolic by-products from commensal organisms in the gut also have a profound impact on Treg differentiation. In this review, we will focus on the core metabolic pathways engaged in Tregs, especially in the context of tissue nutrient environments, and how they can affect Treg function, stability and differentiation.