AUTHOR=Lombardi Andrea , Bozzi Giorgio , Ungaro Riccardo , Villa Simone , Castelli Valeria , Mangioni Davide , Muscatello Antonio , Gori Andrea , Bandera Alessandra 

TITLE=Mini Review Immunological Consequences of Immunization With COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines: Preliminary Results

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=12

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.657711

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2021.657711

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=<p><bold>Background:</bold> BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 are the two recently approved mRNA-based vaccines against COVID-19 which has shown excellent safety and efficacy. Preliminary data about specific and neutralizing antibodies is available covering the first 100 days after vaccination.</p><p><bold>Methods:</bold> We reviewed all the publications regarding the immunologic consequences of BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 vaccination. A summary of specific antibodies concentration and neutralizing antibodies titers elicited by each vaccine is provided.</p><p><bold>Results:</bold> BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 displayed a reassuring safety and efficacy profile, with the latter above 94%. They can elicit specific antibodies titers and neutralizing antibodies concentrations that are far superior from those observed among COVID-19 human convalescent serum, across a wide span of age, for at least 100 days after vaccination. Moreover, the vaccine-induced T cellular response is oriented toward a T<sub>H</sub>1 response and no evidence of vaccine-enhanced disease have been reported.</p><p><bold>Discussion:</bold> BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 can elicit specific antibodies titers and neutralizing antibodies concentrations above those observed among COVID-19 human convalescent serum in the first 100 days after vaccination. Data about vaccine efficacy in those with previous COVID-19 or immunocompromised is still limited.</p>