AUTHOR=Zhang Xinyong , Hu Lei , Xu Shilei , Ye Chao , Chen Aidong 

TITLE=Erianin: A Direct NLRP3 Inhibitor With Remarkable Anti-Inflammatory Activity

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=12

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.739953

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2021.739953

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=<p>Erianin (Eri) is the extract of <italic>Dendrobium chrysotoxum</italic> Lindl. The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multiprotein complex that plays key roles in a wide variety of chronic inflammation-driven human diseases. Nevertheless, little is known about the protection of Eri against NLRP3 inflammasome-related diseases. In this study, we demonstrated that Eri inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation <italic>in vitro</italic> and <italic>in vivo</italic>. Mechanistically, Eri directly interacted with NLRP3, leading to inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome assembly. Eri associated with the Walker A motif in the NACHT domain and suppressed NLRP3 ATPase activity. In mouse models, Eri had therapeutic effects on peritonitis, gouty arthritis and type 2 diabetes, <italic>via</italic> NLRP3. More importantly, Eri was active <italic>ex vivo</italic> for synovial fluid cells and monocytes from patients with IAV infection and gout. Eri may serve as a potential novel therapeutic compound against NLRP3-driven diseases.</p>