AUTHOR=Chen Peigen , Chen Panyu , Guo Yingchun , Fang Cong , Li Tingting 

TITLE=Interaction Between Chronic Endometritis Caused Endometrial Microbiota Disorder and Endometrial Immune Environment Change in Recurrent Implantation Failure

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=12

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.748447

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2021.748447

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Objective</title><p>To investigate the Interaction between chronic endometritis (CE) caused endometrial microbiota disorder and endometrial immune environment change in recurrent implantation failure (RIF).</p></sec><sec><title>Method</title><p>Transcriptome sequencing analysis of the endometrial of 112 patients was preform by using High-Throughput Sequencing. The endometrial microbiota of 43 patients was analyzed by using 16s rRNA sequencing technology.</p></sec><sec><title>Result</title><p>In host endometrium, CD4 T cell and macrophage exhibited significant differences abundance between CE and non-CE patients. The enrichment analysis indicated differentially expressed genes mainly enriched in immune-related functional terms. <italic>Phyllobacterium</italic> and <italic>Sphingomonas</italic> were significantly high infiltration in CE patients, and active in pathways related to carbohydrate metabolism and/or fat metabolism. The increased synthesis of lipopolysaccharide, an important immunomodulator, was the result of microbial disorders in the endometrium.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>The composition of endometrial microorganisms in CE and non-CE patients were significantly different. <italic>Phyllobacterium</italic> and <italic>Sphingomonas</italic> mainly regulated immune cells by interfering with the process of carbohydrate metabolism and/or fat metabolism in the endometrium. CE endometrial microorganisms might regulate Th17 response and the ratio of Th1 to Th17 through lipopolysaccharide (LPS).</p></sec>