AUTHOR=Bai Yu , Liu Dong , He Qian , Liu Jianyang , Mao Qunying , Liang Zhenglun 

TITLE=Research progress on circular RNA vaccines

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2022.1091797

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2022.1091797

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=<p>Owing to the success of linear mRNA coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines, biopharmaceutical companies and research teams worldwide have attempted to develop more stable circular RNA (circRNA) vaccines and have achieved some preliminary results. This review aims to summarize key findings and important progress made in circRNA research, the <italic>in vivo</italic> metabolism and biological functions of circRNAs, and research progress and production process of circRNA vaccines. Further, considerations regarding the quality control of circRNA vaccines are highlighted herein, and the main challenges and problem-solving strategies in circRNA vaccine development and quality control are outlined to provide a reference for circRNA vaccine-related research.</p>