AUTHOR=Mauritz Matthias , Kliushnikova Dariia , Otto Ferdinand , Harrer Andrea , Moser Tobias , Radlberger Richard Friedrich , Kleindienst Waltraud , Trinka Eugen , Wipfler Peter 

TITLE=Case report: Reversible splenial lesion syndrome preceding the onset of multiple sclerosis

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=Volume 15 - 2024

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1517719

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2024.1517719

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=BackgroundThe reversible splenial lesion syndrome is frequently associated with systemic and central nervous system infections. Whether an infection associated with the occurrence of the reversible splenial lesion syndrome could play a role in the later development of multiple sclerosis is unknown.MethodsCase Report.ResultsA 27-year-old woman developed an infection-related reversible splenial lesion syndrome. Diagnostic findings did not establish a specific type of infection, but revealed evidence for a potential disposition towards autoimmunity. 32 months after the initial presentation, new clinical and radiological manifestations developed that led to a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis.ConclusionsIn susceptible individuals, infectious disease processes involving the central nervous system, such as described in this case, might be a factor in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. More research on the prodromal stage of multiple sclerosis is needed to better understand the relationship between infections and autoimmunity.