AUTHOR=Goh Yihui , Lye Priscillia Pei Shi , Tambyah Paul Anantharajah , Soon Derek Tuck Loong , Smitasin Nares , Ong Jonathan Jia Yuan , Yong Clement Hsiang Rong , Chan Yee Cheun , Tang David , Ng Kay Wei Ping , Seet Raymond Chee Seong , Quek Amy May Lin 

TITLE=Case Report: MOGAD - a steroid-responsive autoimmune meningoencephalitis mimicking infection

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=Volume 16 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1516178

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2025.1516178

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=This case series reports three patients initially managed for presumed infectious meningoencephalitis, who were ultimately diagnosed with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein associated disease (MOGAD). Their clinical presentations were strikingly similar to those of acute infectious meningoencephalitis, which posed a challenge to the initial diagnostic process. Notably, despite the absence of typical radiological changes associated with MOGAD, such as cerebral cortical encephalitis, these patients exhibited focal neurological and electroencephalographic changes. This series highlights the importance of considering MOG antibody testing in cases of aseptic meningoencephalitis, where early and accurate diagnosis can influence treatment decisions and patient outcomes in this steroid-responsive condition.