AUTHOR=Cai Xiaowen , Liu Yujie , Luo Guosheng , Yu Zhanwang , Jiang Cheng , Xu Chuanshan 

TITLE=Ultrasound-assisted immunotherapy for malignant tumour

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=Volume 16 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1547594

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2025.1547594

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=Malignant tumour represents a significant global public health concern. The advent of immunotherapy has brought about a revolutionary shift in the landscape of tumour treatment, offering a ray of hope to patients across the globe. Immunotherapy strategies have demonstrated considerable promise in clinical trials. However, the immunosuppressive environment within the tumour microenvironment has constituted a significant obstacle to the advancement of immunotherapies. It is therefore imperative to develop more efficacious and personalised approaches. The utilisation of non-invasive ultrasound-assisted immunotherapy represents a promising strategy. Ultrasound has the capacity to induce an immune response and stimulate other drugs to achieve a specific response, thereby reducing the toxic side effects of treatment and enhancing the outcome of immunotherapy. This paper presents a systematic introduction to the various mechanisms related to ultrasound and reviews the recent advancements of ultrasound-assisted tumour immunotherapy, including ultrasonic ablation, combined application with contrast agents, and sonodynamic therapy.