AUTHOR=Gao Yunbin , Zhang Lixia , Yan Meng , Sun Zongwen , Zhao Haibo , Zhao Lujun 

TITLE=Development of a prognostic model for patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer undergoing immunotherapy and chemotherapy

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=Volume 16 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1561333

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2025.1561333

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=PurposeIn this study, we aimed to develop a predictive model for patients receiving chemotherapy and immunotherapy for extensive-stage small cell lung cancerMethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 112 extensive-stage small cell lung cancer patients treated with first-line immunotherapy and chemotherapy. The relevant clinical data were collected to evaluate the changes during the treatment. The best subset regression, univariate analysis, and LASSO regression with cross-validation were applied for variable selection and model establishment. The nomograms for 1- and 2-year survival probabilities were established, and the calibration curve was utilized to evaluate the correspondence between actual and predicted survival. The model prediction capacity was assessed using decision curve analysis, calibration curves, and receiver operating characteristic curves. Moreover, five-fold cross-validation was conducted for internal validation. According to risk score, the patients were assigned to high- and low-risk groups, and survival curves were generated for each group.ResultsThe LASSO regression model was established based on the variables such as age, ECOG, metastatic sites, NLR, and immunotherapy cycles. This predictive model displayed robust performance, evidenced by the Area Under the Curve of 0.887 and concordance index of 0.759. The nomogram effectively predicted 1- and 2-year survival probabilities and demonstrated a high degree of calibration. The decision curve analysis displayed that the model possessed superior predictive capability. The risk stratification for patients with high- and low-risk categories facilitated more individualized survival assessment.ConclusionThe study successfully developed a prognostic model for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer patients undergoing immunotherapy and chemotherapy, demonstrating the good accuracy and predictability.