AUTHOR=Chen Zeping , Zhao Binzhu 

TITLE=The role of tumor-associated macrophages in HPV induced cervical cancer

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=Volume 16 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1586806

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2025.1586806

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=Human papillomavirus (HPV), a double-stranded DNA virus linked to various malignancies, poses a significant global public health challenge. In cervical cancer, persistent infection with high-risk HPV genotypes, particularly HPV-16 and HPV-18, initiates immune evasion mechanisms within the tumor microenvironment. The polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) from M1 to M2 phenotypes promotes cervical carcinogenesis, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance via establishing an immunosuppressive microenvironment. This review provides a comprehensive overview of HPV-induced immune evasion pathways, including MHC downregulation, T-cell impairment, regulatory T cell induction, and cGAS-STING pathway inhibition. Furthermore, describe the pivotal role of TAMs in cervical cancer progression, focusing on their phenotypic plasticity, pro-tumoral functions, and potential as therapeutic targets. By elucidating these cellular and molecular dynamics, this review aims to support advanced research. Targeting TAM polarization through immunotherapies and nanomedicine-based strategies represents a promising strategy for enhancing patient outcomes.