AUTHOR=Zhao Shaojuan , Fu Danlei , Lin Yin , Sun Xiaoya , Wang Xiaokang , Wu Xuanzhen , Zhang Xuejiao 

TITLE=The role of the microbiome on immune homeostasis of the host nervous system

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Immunology

VOLUME=Volume 16 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1609960

DOI=10.3389/fimmu.2025.1609960

ISSN=1664-3224

ABSTRACT=The gut microbiota is often termed the “second genome” of the human body. It has been shown to be one of the most significant environmental factors (non-genetic) influencing the onset, progression, and prognosis of various neurological and psychiatric disorders through its interactions with the host immune, nervous, and endocrine systems. Changes in the function and composition of the gut microbiota are strongly associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, autism spectrum disorder, depression, Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer’s disease. This review summarizes the research regarding the associations and regulatory mechanisms between the gut microbiota and the central nervous system in order to explore the role of the gut microbiota in maintaining neural homeostasis.