AUTHOR=Boisen Olivia C. , Brodeur Richard D. , Brander Susanne M. , Heppell Scott A. 

TITLE=Spatial patterns of microparticle ingestion by myctophids near a major river mouth in the northeast Pacific Ocean

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Marine Science

VOLUME=Volume 11 - 2024

YEAR=2024

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/marine-science/articles/10.3389/fmars.2024.1426136

DOI=10.3389/fmars.2024.1426136

ISSN=2296-7745

ABSTRACT=Plastics carried in the outflow of major rivers can be made available and subsequently ingested by marine fishes, causing lethal and sublethal effects. Highly abundant, vertically migrating myctophids play a crucial role in facilitating nutrient cycling between the epi-and mesopelagic zones. However, this diel movement may also make myctophids significant conduits for transporting ingested microplastics microparticles from surface waters to deeper food webs. We examined the gastrointestinal tracts of 340 myctophids caught at varying distances from the Columbia River mouth in the epipelagic zone of the northeast Pacific Ocean to determine if proximity to a presumed point source influences microplastic ingestion. While we found no direct spatial connection with ingestion frequency, we discovered that (a) ~34% of myctophids had either synthetic or other anthropogenic particles retained in their GI tract, (b) microplastic ingestion was higher in an fully-migratory active-feeding species of myctophid (Tarletonbeania crenularis) than an semi-migratory inactive-feeding species (Stenobrachius leucopsarus), and (c) species and standard length were the most influential predictors of microplastic consumption in our best fit model. Our failure to detect a significant relationship between distance from a source and ingestion by myctophids is likely due to the particles undergoing fluctuations in dispersal patterns once they enter the ocean, particularly for microfibers which can be transported across large distances. Biological factors like body size may be more relevant to understanding microplastic ingestion patterns in mesopelagic fishes. Overall, our study highlights the potential role myctophids serve as multidirectional transporters of microparticleslastics in Northern California Current food webs, with potential impacts on fisheries and human food systems.