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        <title>Frontiers in Materials | New and Recent Articles</title>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/materials</link>
        <description>RSS Feed for Frontiers in Materials | New and Recent Articles</description>
        <language>en-us</language>
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        <pubDate>2026-05-12T12:54:52.92+00:00</pubDate>
        <ttl>60</ttl>
        <item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1765832</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1765832</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Digital modeling approach for optimizing steel materials production in sports equipment manufacturing using artificial intelligence and high-throughput computational techniques]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Wenzhao Wu</author><author>Yue Zhang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionThe optimization of steel materials production for sports equipment manufacturing presents a complex challenge, necessitating the coordinated modeling of material properties, manufacturing constraints, and performance objectives within an integrated optimization framework. Traditional methods often fall short in addressing the high-dimensionality and intricate nature of these factors. This study introduces an innovative digital modeling approach that integrates artificial intelligence and high-throughput computational techniques to overcome these limitations.MethodsThe methodology is centered around the Manifold Guided Optimization Network (MGON), which employs deep learning, manifold learning, and probabilistic modeling to effectively navigate the high-dimensional design space of steel materials. MGON comprises three essential modules: the Counterfactual Constraint Encoder, the Agent Driven Event Planner, and the Probabilistic Uncertainty Filter, facilitating efficient exploration and robust decision-making. The approach incorporates coordinated design strategies, including manifold adaptation scheduling and uncertainty-aware refinement, to dynamically adjust the optimization process and prioritize high-confidence predictions. By formalizing the optimization problem within a mathematical framework and integrating domain-specific constraints, this approach ensures practical applicability in real-world manufacturing scenarios.Results and DiscussionExperimental results demonstrate the potential of the proposed framework to significantly enhance material design, improve production efficiency, and meet stringent performance and cost requirements in sports equipment manufacturing. The findings underscore the transformative impact of advanced computational techniques in optimizing complex manufacturing processes, paving the way for future advancements in the field.]]></description>
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        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1787313</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1787313</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Study on the macro-micro influence of gradation area on the maximum shear stiffness of coarse-grained soils]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Chenchen Li</author><author>Chaodong Liang</author><author>Jun Du</author><author>Yubo Liu</author><author>Zhiming Xiong</author><author>Xinggang Shen</author><author>Zhiyu You</author><author>Ping Wang</author><author>Mingjie Jiang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The accurate determination of the maximum shear stiffness of coarse-grained soils is critical for engineering safety design yet remains challenging due to its complex dependence on gradation. This study investigates the macro- and micro-scale effects of the gradation area, a comprehensive parameter characterizing the entire gradation curve, on this stiffness. Cyclic shear tests were conducted on coarse-grained soils with varying gradation areas. Concurrently, a discrete element method numerical model was developed to elucidate the underlying micromechanisms. Experimental results demonstrate that, under constant normal stress, the maximum shear stiffness decreases with an increasing gradation area, following an inverse relationship. A predictive formula incorporating the gradation area was thus proposed and validated against independent data. The micromechanical analysis reveals that a reduction in the gradation area corresponds to a higher proportion of coarse grains, which leads to a wider shear zone, more irregular particle motion, and the formation of a robust, high-strength force-chain network. The synergistic interaction of these mechanisms explains the observed increase in maximum shear stiffness for soils with smaller gradation areas. This study provides a macro-micro integrated understanding of how gradation regulates shear stiffness, offering theoretical support for the optimized design of granular materials in engineering applications.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1790751</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1790751</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Gamma-ray shielding properties of lanthanum doped barium zirconium titanate ceramic system]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Sarabjeet Kaur</author><author>Amrit Singh</author><author>Mohammed Inamur Rahman</author><author>Amina Salhi</author><author>Randeep Kaur</author><author>Prianka Sharma</author><author>Mudassir Khan</author>
        <description><![CDATA[With the widespread applications of gamma radiation in the nuclear and medical fields, there has been growing concern about developing high-performance, lightweight, lead-free radiation shields. In the present study, the structural and gamma-ray shielding properties of three distinct materials: Barium Zirconate Titanate (BaZr0.10Ti0.90O3), Barium Lanthanum Titanate (Ba0.90La0.10TiO3), and Barium Lanthanum Zirconate Titanate (Ba0.90La0.10Zr0.10Ti0.90O3) have been explored. X-ray diffraction patterns with Rietveld refinement confirmed the polycrystalline perovskite structures of all samples with Barium Zirconate Titanate (BZT), exhibiting a cubic phase, while Barium Lanthanum Titanate (BLT) and Barium Lanthanum Zirconate Titanate (BLZT) exhibit a tetragonal structure. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed dense microstructures with average grain sizes of 130.24 μm (BZT), 135.36 μm (BLT), and 146.49 μm (BLZT). Radiation shielding properties have been assessed computationally using the WinXcom software, evaluating parameters like mass attenuation coefficient (MAC), linear attenuation coefficient (LAC), half-value layer (HVL), exposure build-up factor, etc. The high density of the BLZT sample exhibited maximum MAC and LAC values for photon energy up to 15 MeV. The BLZT sample exhibits good performance towards the suppression of gamma rays with lower HVL values for 1.80 and 0.001 cm sample thicknesses, respectively, obtained at 8 MeV and 15 keV photon energies. The EBF values exhibit a fluctuating pattern across multiple mean free paths (MFP), with BLZT recording the highest value (10.8) at 10 MFP. For neutron shielding, the macroscopic effective removal cross-section (ΣR) values remain roughly constant between 2 and 12 MeV. BZT outperforms BLT and BLZT with a ΣR value of 11.8, making it a superior base material for neutron shielding. Thus, the present investigation paves the way towards the development of potential applications of environmentally friendly lanthanum-doped Barium Zirconium Titanate ceramics in nuclear shielding and advanced diagnostics.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1810487</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1810487</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Analysis of performance and carbon emission benefits for Micro-CaCO3 and fly ash composite admixture concrete]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Tao Han</author><author>Chaoliang Gou</author><author>Xianqing Zhong</author><author>Yu Liu</author><author>Jing Chen</author><author>Qingyu Wu</author>
        <description><![CDATA[In order to reduce the high dependence on cement in the concrete preparation process, based on the Guangxi Lianhe Expressway Project, Micro-CaCO3 and fly ash were selected for use as the composite admixtures to study the effects of their application on the concrete chemical properties, appearance quality and carbon emission in the life stage, and the SEM test was utilized to observe the microstructure of the corresponding mortar and to reveal its intrinsic mechanism. The research results show that Micro-CaCO3 composite fly ash admixture can improve the flowability and early strength of concrete. For low-strength concrete, it can reach standard strength in about 7 days. Meanwhile, concrete with an appropriate amount of composite admixture can enhance its resistance to elastic deformation. SEM images indicate that the incorporation of Micro-CaCO3 has a better filling and compacting effect on the internal pores of concrete. However, the dosage of Micro-CaCO3 to replace the equivalent amount of cement should be controlled between 10% and 20%, while excessive dosage will easily affect the hydration and consolidation effect between cement and fly ash, which can reduce the carbon emission ratio of concrete in the stages of materialization, transportation, and construction by about 9%–18%.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1842346</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1842346</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Tensile and shear performance of new-to-old concrete interface in reinforced double-layer linings of subsea shield tunnels]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Hanyuan Li</author><author>Fei Sun</author><author>Jin Feng</author><author>Yang Liu</author><author>Zhihui Xiong</author><author>Denghan Zhu</author><author>Kaifei Zhao</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The interfacial mechanical behavior of double-layer lining concrete in shield tunnels is a critical factor that ensures the synergistic load-bearing performance of the overall structure. In this research, laboratory tests, including shear and axial tensile tests, were conducted on new-to-old concrete interfaces under diverse working conditions. Taking into account the effects of interface treatment approaches, anchor bar parameters, and normal compressive stress, the variation rules for interfacial shear strength, tensile strength, and bond stiffness were quantified, and the core control factors affecting interfacial mechanical performance were identified. Afterwards, a refined numerical model targeting new-to-old concrete was built in ABAQUS to explore the damage evolution law and mechanical response features at the contact interface. Eventually, relying on the engineering background of Jintang Highway Subsea Shield Tunnel, the bearing performance of the double-layer superimposed lining under eccentric compression was analyzed, with emphasis on the impacts of interfacial mechanical parameters on the collaborative working efficiency of the lining structure. The findings demonstrate that the mechanical characteristics of new-to-old concrete interfaces are mainly controlled by interface treatment schemes, anchor bar parameters, and normal pressure. The simulated shear strength falls within the range of 2.804–5.197 MPa, and the tensile strength ranges from 1.543 MPa to 1.918 MPa, both of which are lower than the corresponding strength indexes of C40 concrete. The flexural bearing capacity of the double-layer superimposed lining is remarkably superior to that of the single-layer segment structure, and presents a positive correlation with the interface deterioration coefficient (λ). Under high axial compression, reinforcing the interfacial mechanical properties can prominently elevate the ultimate structural capacity of the tunnel lining; conversely, the lifting effect of interface performance optimization is relatively limited under low axial compression. Accordingly, the layout of anchor bars can be rationally optimized while ensuring interface roughness and the construction quality of the secondary lining.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1837864</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1837864</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Correction: Green polymer nanocomposites: bridging material innovation with sustainable industrial practices]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-07T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Correction</category>
        <author>Rund Abu-Zurayk</author><author>Aya Khalaf</author><author>Nour Alnairat</author><author>Haneen Waleed</author><author>Ayat Bozeya</author><author>Duaa Abu-Dalo</author><author>Manar Rabba’a</author>
        <description></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1814311</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1814311</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Study on mechanical behavior of steel fiber reinforced high strength concrete five-pile caps]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-07T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Jie Lei</author><author>Shuo Li</author><author>Guodong Zhang</author><author>Jinyong Yang</author><author>Shuaiqi Song</author><author>Weifeng Bai</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Nine steel fiber reinforced high strength concrete (SFRHSC) five-pile caps with the plane dimensions of 800 mm × 800 mm and the overall thickness of 200mm∼400 mm were subjected to static load test and were analyzed combined with finite element analysis. The crack development and failure mode, the load-displacement curve, the concrete strain and steel strain of specimens were obtained, and the influences of the effective thickness of pile caps, steel fiber volume fraction and concrete strength grade on the mechanical behavior of pile caps were analyzed, and the mechanical mechanism of SFRHSC five-pile caps was clarified. The results show that the failure mode of SFRHSC five-pile caps is punching shear failure, and the load-transferring mechanism of SFRHSC five-pile caps conforms to strut-and-tie model. The stress on each pile is uneven, and the load borne by the middle pile is significantly higher than that of the corner pile. With the increase of the effective thickness of pile caps and the steel fiber volume fraction, the bearing capacity of pile caps is significantly improved. Finally, the calculation formula for the punching shear capacity of SFRHSC five-pile caps was established.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1802326</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1802326</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Influence of local strength degradation on aeroelastic behavior of wind turbine blades using coupled CFD-FEM method]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-04T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Yongqing Lai</author><author>Weiyang Kong</author><author>Zhen Zhang</author><author>Na Lv</author><author>Ben He</author><author>Menghao Yao</author><author>Yang Yang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[This paper investigates the aeroelastic characteristics of wind turbine blades under rated condition, with a focus on analyzing the impact of strength degradation on the structural safety of the blades. The NREL 5 MW wind turbine blade is selected for the case study. The fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulation is conducted under rated conditions within STAR-CCM+ and ABAQUS. The strength degradation is implemented by decreasing the strength of layup materials in the cap and leading edge regions. The tip-displacement and stress distribution of the blade with different strength degradations are compared for the analysis of the impact of local strength reduction on aeroelasticity. The results show that the aeroelastic responses of the blade are influenced by material strength and degradation position. The impact of local strength degradation at the blade root is more significant than that at the tip. In most cases, blades with decreased strength exhibit larger tip displacement and lower natural frequencies. Structural analysis indicates that the stress in the strength degraded areas is lower and the neighboring regions are bearing the load, which may cause the material to reach the yield limit earlier, affecting the safety of the blade. In addition, when local strength degradation occurs at the cap, it primarily affects the flap displacement of the blade, while the edgewise responses are more sensitive to the strength degradation at the leading edge.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1749093</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1749093</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Engineering D-CONGA-Q7–embedded hydrogel matrices: physicochemical characterization and antimicrobial functionality]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-04T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>A. K. Bogyor</author><author>R. Carpa</author><author>C. Sarosi</author><author>M. Filip</author><author>M. Moldovan</author><author>A. Butiuc-Keul</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is rising globally, particularly among the clinically important ESKAPE pathogens, a group of bacteria responsible for a large number of hospital-acquired infections and known for their extensive multidrug resistance, underscoring the need for new therapeutic strategies. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent a promising option in combating AMR due to their broad-spectrum activity and versatility. This work aims to explore polysaccharide-based hydrogels as versatile delivery platforms for AMPs in applications ranging from infection control on medical and laboratory equipment to possible use in wound healing.MethodsIn this study, alginate- and xanthan gum–based hydrogels were developed as potential carriers for the novel cationic peptide D-CONGA Q7. Four formulations were prepared for both hydrogel types: control, peptide-loaded, penicillin-loaded, and peptide–antibiotic co-loaded. The systems were evaluated against six clinically relevant microorganisms. Based on the characterization of hydrogels, the peptide was successfully incorporated in the gel composition.ResultsIn agar diffusion assays, peptide-only hydrogels produced minimal inhibition zones across pathogens, consistent with the limited diffusivity of cationic AMPs within anionic polysaccharide matrices, whereas penicillin-containing hydrogels generated the largest and most consistent inhibition zones.DiscussionThis early-stage assessment highlights key formulation constraints and identifies critical next steps for optimizing AMP release in polysaccharide-based hydrogel systems intended for infection control and potential wound-healing applications.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1822806</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1822806</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Effects of nano-TiC and nano-CaCO3 on steel fiber-reinforced cementitious mortar: a study on mechanical properties and freeze-thaw performance]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-05-04T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Tian Bai</author><author>Xin Yang</author><author>Zhengjun Wang</author><author>Kai Chen</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Steel fiber (SF) cement mortar, renowned for its dual advantages of strength and toughness, is widely used in construction, transportation, and other engineering fields. However, in actual service, it often faces challenges, such as weak bonding at the SF-cement matrix interface and insufficient freeze resistance in severe cold environments, which compromise the long-term durability of engineering structures. To optimize the performance of SF cement mortar, a composite cement mortar (TS) was developed. This study investigates the effects of single-blending nano-TiC(NT), nano-CaCO3 (NC), and their combined blending on the mechanical properties (flexural and compressive strength) and freeze-thaw resistance (mass and strength loss rates under freeze-thaw cycles) of the mortar. Analysis of variance was employed to examine the interactions among materials. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) were also used to examine the microstructure of the mortar. Results indicate that the TS3 group with sole NT addition demonstrated stable mechanical property enhancement, achieving 28-day flexural and compressive strengths of 11.79 MPa and 38.21 MPa, respectively—representing 10.7% and 20.0% increases over the control group. The sole NC addition group exhibited significant performance fluctuations, while the TS6 group showed approximately 10% strength improvement at 28 days. Some groups experienced strength degradation due to NC agglomeration. Among the mixed-blended groups, the TS12 group exhibited the optimal “hydration-filling” synergistic effect, achieving a 28-day compressive strength of 38.89 MPa. Agglomeration occurred in most groups due to mismatched nanomaterial dosage or dispersion, resulting in strength reductions exceeding 14%. Under freeze-thaw cycles, the TS12 group demonstrated the best freeze resistance, with a compressive strength loss rate of 9.2% after 100 cycles. The TS3 group (single NT addition) and the TS6 group (single NC addition) also outperformed the control group, both suppressing freeze-thaw damage through optimized pore structure. The two-way ANOVA revealed that NT, NC, and their interaction exerted a highly significant influence on both the flexural strength and compressive strength of steel fiber cement mortar at 7-day and 28-day ages. SEM analysis revealed compact microstructures across all groups. EDS characterization results indicate that the elemental features in cement mortars with different additive combinations exhibit significant differences.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1803869</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1803869</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Microstructure-property-corrosion degradation during 475 °C aging of additively manufactured UNS S32205 duplex stainless steel: experimental and statistical assessment]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-30T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Santosh Kumar</author><author>V. Shamanth</author><author>Seelam Srikanth</author><author>Rayappa Shrinivas Mahale</author><author>Manjunath G. Avalappa</author><author>S. P. Jagadish</author><author>Chennabasappa Hampali</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Duplex stainless steels fabricated by Laser Bed Powder Fusion (LPBF) exhibit refined and metastable microstructures that can be particularly sensitive to intermediate-temperature exposure. In this study, the effect of 475 °C thermal aging on the microstructural stability, mechanical performance, fracture behavior, and corrosion response of LPBF-fabricated UNS S32205 duplex stainless steel is systematically investigated. LPBF specimens were solution annealed and subsequently aged at 475 °C for durations ranging from 100 to 1,000 h, followed by detailed microstructural, mechanical, electrochemical, and fractographic characterization. Microstructural analysis indicates progressive ferrite decomposition during aging, leading to embrittlement and deterioration of mechanical and corrosion performance. These transformations result in significant strengthening at intermediate aging times, followed by strength saturation and a severe reduction in tensile ductility at prolonged exposure. One-way ANOVA confirms that aging induces statistically significant changes (p < 0.001) in young’s modulus, yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and elongation relative to the solution-annealed condition, while effect size analysis demonstrates that aging duration overwhelmingly governs mechanical variability. Canonical discriminant analysis provides a clear multivariate separation of aging conditions and establishes a direct correlation between the combined evolution of mechanical properties and fracture mode transition from ductile dimple rupture to quasi-cleavage and brittle fracture. Electrochemical testing in 3.5 wt% NaCl reveals a progressive deterioration in corrosion resistance with aging, consistent with chromium partitioning and passive film destabilization associated with ferrite spinodal decomposition. The results demonstrate that LPBF-fabricated UNS S32205 exhibits classical 475 °C embrittlement behavior, with enhanced sensitivity arising from its additively manufactured microstructure. This work provides a statistically validated, process-aware framework linking thermal aging to microstructure-property-corrosion degradation, offering critical guidance for the qualification and reliable deployment of LPBF duplex stainless-steel components in thermally exposed service conditions.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1818255</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1818255</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Cross-linkable alternating copolymer featuring dibenzothiophene-S,S-dioxide segment applicable for organic optoelectronic devices with good stability]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-30T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Huiping Xiao</author><author>Jiaqing Cao</author><author>Liqing Yan</author><author>Xiang Gao</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The cross-linking strategy has been applied to enhance the photoelectric conversion efficiency and device stability of polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs) or polymer solar cells (PSCs). However, the application of cross-linkable polymers containing dibenzothiophene-S,S-dioxide segment as an active layer component or active layer additive in optoelectronic devices has garnered little attention. In this work, a feasible method for improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency and device stability of PLEDs and PSCs is demonstrated by utilizing a cross-linkable alternating copolymer containing dibenzothiophene-S,S-dioxide segment, which named as poly[(9,9′-bis-(3- ethyl(oxetane-3-ethyloxy)-hexyl)-fluorene-2,7-yl)-alt-(2,8-bis(octyloxy)-dibenzothiophene-S,S-dioxide-3,7-yl)] (CLPFSO), as the emitting layer in PLED or as an active layer additive in PSC. The polymer CLPFSO was procured through Suzuki polymerization process and could be cross-linked via thermal treatment. The PLED, structured as ITO/PEDOT:PSS/CLPFSO/CsF/Al with CLPFSO as the emitting layer, achieved peak luminance efficiency (LEmax) of 3.6 cd/A and sustained 78% of its initial LEmax across 30 days. The inverted PSC consisting of ITO/ZnO/PTB7-Th:PC71BM:CLPFSO/. MoO3/Ag with CLPFSO as an active layer additive showed a maximum PCE value of 9.51% and maintained 81% of its initial PCE over a span of 30-day period. The findings of this study offer a valuable viewpoint towards enhancing the efficiency and the stability of PLEDs and PSCs.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1794762</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1794762</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Optimizing design and performance analysis of prestress-impact synergistic plastic forming equipment based on Gaussian process regression surrogate modeling]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-29T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Shiyun Hu</author><author>Yang Yang</author><author>Qipeng Zhang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionThis study proposes a novel prestress-impact synergistic plastic forming equipment for difficult-to-deform high-specific-strength materials, with a focus on TC4 titanium alloy.MethodsA dynamic optimization framework integrating finite element analysis (FEA) and Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) surrogate modeling is developed to enhance the structural dynamic performance.ResultsPrestressed modal analysis identifies the sixth mode as the weak mode, and multi-objective optimization using GPR-assisted NSGA-II achieves a 6.1% reduction in structural mass, a 3.6% increase in the sixth natural frequency, and an 8.7% decrease in maximum von Mises stress compared to the initial design, outperforming traditional response surface methodology. Experimental validation on a constructed prototype demonstrates that the synergistic process, combining controllable prestress with low-frequency impact excitation, significantly improves formability: height reduction increases 48.6% (versus 35.2% in static pressing), forming force and energy consumption decrease by 32.5% and 30%, respectively, while average grain size is refined from 28.4 µm to 12.7 µm with equiaxed α-phase fraction rising to 78% Vickers hardness improves from 312 HV to 358 HV due to enhanced dynamic recrystallization and bimodal microstructure evolution.DiscussionsThe integration of machine learning-based surrogate modeling provides an efficient and scalable approach for vibration-assisted forming systems, offering substantial energy savings and superior mechanical properties aligned with sustainable high-end manufacturing requirements.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1774677</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1774677</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Study on the relationship between microstructure characteristics and macroscopic mechanical properties of emulsified asphalt under different coral reef powder content]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-29T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Chao Hu</author><author>Yemin Liu</author><author>Lin Luo</author><author>Yaoyao Luo</author><author>Yongcai Liang</author><author>Hui Li</author><author>Sheng Liu</author><author>Jianlin Tang</author>
        <description><![CDATA[In order to explore the effect of coral reef powder content on the relationship between microstructure characteristics and macroscopic mechanical properties of emulsified asphalt, and promote the resource utilization of coral reef waste, this paper systematically studied the performance evolution of emulsified asphalt under different coral reef powder content through penetration, ductility, softening point, Brookfield Viscosity, dynamic shear rheology, multi-stress creep recovery and infrared spectroscopy tests. The grey correlation theory was used to analyze the correlation between content, microscopic index and macroscopic performance. The results show that with the increase of coral reef powder content, the penetration, ductility, 135 °C and 180 °C Brookfield Viscosity of emulsified asphalt increase first and then decrease, while the softening point decreases first and then increases. When the content is 12%, the conventional properties show a better balance. Infrared spectroscopy showed that the index of sulfoxide group (S=O) and butadiene group (C=C) changed regularly with the content, indicating that the incorporation of coral reef powder affected the chemical environment and interaction of asphalt components. In terms of rheological properties, the appropriate amount of coral reef powder can improve the elastic response of asphalt, and its viscoelasticity is more balanced at 12% content. In the multi-stress creep recovery test, the increase of the content makes the creep recovery rate R3.2 and the unrecoverable creep compliance Jnr3.2 both increased. Grey correlation analysis shows that there is a clear correlation between the content of coral reef powder and the macroscopic properties of asphalt, among which the effect on Tan δ (phase angle tangent value) is the most significant. Among the microstructure indexes, S=O index and C=C index have the highest correlation with penetration, followed by softening point and high temperature creep parameters, and the correlation with G*/sin δ is relatively weak. In summary, coral reef powder can significantly regulate the microstructure and viscoelastic behavior of asphalt through the physical filling effect brought by its porous structure and the interfacial interaction between surface active groups and asphalt components. The synergistic optimization of macroscopic properties can be achieved at a suitable dosage (such as 12%). This study provides a theoretical and experimental basis for its rational application in emulsified asphalt.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1796455</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1796455</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Thermo-mechanical coupling behavior and constitutive model of aluminum alloy during hot forming]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-28T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Zhikuan Wang</author><author>Yuankai Ma</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionHot forming of aluminum alloys is challenging due to complex thermo-mechanical coupling and the difficulty of accurately controlling defects such as thinning, springback, wrinkling, and tearing. To improve forming quality and process stability, this study optimizes the hot-forming process for Al 6063-T5 alloy.MethodsHot tensile tests were conducted using an electronic universal testing machine to obtain dynamic stress–strain curves at different temperatures and strain rates. Based on these data, a strain-coupled improved Arrhenius high-temperature constitutive model was established. A U-shaped mold cooling system and hot-stamping platform were designed to monitor temperature variations in real time and evaluate the dynamic interfacial heat transfer coefficient (IHTC). A VUMAT subroutine incorporating the constitutive model and dynamic IHTC was developed, and a finite element model was established. The material processing parameters and forming process curve were optimized using an orthogonal experimental design, supported by both simulations and experiments.ResultsThe ductility of Al 6063-T5 increased with increasing temperature within the investigated range, while the flow stress was significantly affected by both temperature and strain rate. A pre-pressure holding–secondary forming process strategy was proposed. The optimal parameter combination was identified as a stamping speed of 125 mm/s, an initial temperature of 350 °C, a single-side blank-holder pressure of 10 MPa, and a holding time of 0.8 s. Experimental validation showed that the optimized sheet thickness increased by an average of 48.770% on the left side and 45.262% on the right side. Springback was reduced by an average of 44.708% at the upper rounded corner and 35.786% at the lower rounded corner.DiscussionThe optimized process effectively improved thickness uniformity and reduced springback while preventing obvious forming defects such as tearing and wrinkling. The proposed constitutive modeling approach, dynamic IHTC implementation, and pre-pressure holding–secondary forming strategy provide theoretical support and practical engineering guidance for hot forming of aluminum alloy components.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1842970</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1842970</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Correction: Integrated experimental testing and optimisation of numerical data-driven modelling for eco-efficient GI-fibre mortars with recycled crushed waste clay bricks in ferrocement strengthening of RC beams]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-28T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Correction</category>
        <author>Md Jihad Miah</author><author>Mohammad Shamim Miah</author><author>Noor Md. Sadiqul Hasan</author><author>Humera Mughal</author>
        <description></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1764787</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1764787</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Correction: Explainable AutoML models for predicting the strength of high-performance concrete using Optuna, SHAP and ensemble learning]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-28T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Correction</category>
        <author>Muhammad Salman Khan</author><author>Tianbo Peng</author><author>Muhammad Adeel Khan</author><author>Asad Khan</author><author>Mahmood Ahmad</author><author>Kamran Aziz</author><author>Mohanad Muayad Sabri Sabri</author><author>N. S. AbdEL-Gawaad</author>
        <description></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1758862</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1758862</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Adhesive coatings in naval archaeology: molecular and palynological investigations on materials from the Roman Republican wreck Ilovik–Paržine 1 (Croatia)]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-24T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Armelle Charrie-Duhaut</author><author>Quentin Couillebault</author><author>Igor Miholjek</author><author>Giulia Boetto</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionThe construction of a vessel (from a boat to a large ship) and its maintenance requires waterproofing of its hull and protection against water corrosion and the aggression of microorganisms, worms and other pests. What could be more logical than using an easily accessible and applicable hydrophobic adhesive material? Many substances have been used over time such as resins, bitumen, plant tars, pure or mixed with beeswax, fats, inorganic elements. Pliny the Elder already mentions zopissa, a mixture of pitch and beeswax (Natural History XVI, 23). The strong expansion of shipbuilding between the 13th and 19th centuries generated a veritable industry of plant tars.MethodsIn this research work, a new interdisciplinary approach involving the combined use of molecular, palynological and statistical indicators has been implemented to characterize ancient waterproofing materials. This analytical strategy opens new fields of investigation in naval archaeology.Results and discussionBeyond the characterization of materials (nature, manufacturing processes, naval techniques, degree of alteration), it especially reveals information about the surrounding vegetation during the production or the application of the waterproofing material. This approach has been applied to the study of the protective coating of the Roman Republican wreck Ilovik–Paržine 1 (around the middle of the second c. BC) found in Paržine Bay (Ilovik Island, Croatia).]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1846510</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1846510</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Editorial: Sustainable and green materials in geotechnical engineering]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-23T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Editorial</category>
        <author>Bing Bai</author><author>Riyadh Al-Raoush</author><author>Reza Taherdangkoo</author><author>Wenbing Wu</author>
        <description></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1759803</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmats.2026.1759803</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Modeling adaptive programmable smart materials for enhancing athletic performance through biomechanical adaptation and energy optimization]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-04-21T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Ang Jiang</author><author>Hanyu Zheng</author><author>Bo Zhu</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionThis study presents an adaptive modeling framework for programmable self-assembled smart materials designed to enhance athletic performance through biomechanical adaptation and energy optimization.MethodsThe proposed Adaptive Programmable Material Model (APMM) integrates three interconnected modules: the Material Dynamics Module (MDM), the Biomechanical Adaptation Module (BAM), and the Energy Optimization Module (EOM), enabling continuous interaction between material properties, biomechanical feedback, and energy constraints. The framework incorporates the Adaptive Biomechanical Feedback Strategy (ABFS) and the Energy-Constrained Optimization Strategy (ECOS) to support dynamic responsiveness and efficient energy use.Results and DiscussionExperimental results across four benchmark datasets show that the proposed method achieves up to 89.78% accuracy and improves energy efficiency by 8.6% compared to state-of-the-art baselines. These findings demonstrate the model’s effectiveness in enhancing biomechanical responsiveness and energy-aware performance, offering a practical foundation for next-generation sports equipment design.]]></description>
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