AUTHOR=Ren Huanmei 

TITLE=Optimization method of electric vehicle energy system based on machine learning

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Mechanical Engineering

VOLUME=Volume 11 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/mechanical-engineering/articles/10.3389/fmech.2025.1597558

DOI=10.3389/fmech.2025.1597558

ISSN=2297-3079

ABSTRACT=IntroductionTo enhance energy management in electric vehicles (EVs), this study proposes an optimization model based on reinforcement learning.MethodsThe model integrates gated recurrent units (GRU) with double deep Q-networks (DDQN) to improve time-series data processing and action value estimation.ResultsResults show that the model achieves the lowest estimation bias (0.017 in training, 0.018 in testing) and the highest cumulative reward (97.1) among all compared methods. In real-world highway scenarios, it records the lowest total energy consumption at 14.2 kWh, achieving a range of 503 km and an energy efficiency of 87.6%.DiscussionThese findings suggest that the proposed model offers a more efficient and reliable solution for EV energy optimization with strong application potential.