AUTHOR=Osuru Hari Prasad , Paila Umadevi , Ikeda Keita , Zuo Zhiyi , Thiele Robert H. 

TITLE=Anesthesia-Sepsis-Associated Alterations in Liver Gene Expression Profiles and Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Complexes

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Medicine

VOLUME=Volume 7 - 2020

YEAR=2020

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2020.581082

DOI=10.3389/fmed.2020.581082

ISSN=2296-858X

ABSTRACT=Background: Volatile anesthetic agents may protect against organ dysfunction in the setting of critical illness and infection. The goal of this study was to study the impact of Sepsis-inflammation on hepatic subcellular energetics in animals anesthetized with both Propofol (intravenous anesthetic agent and GABA agonist) and Isoflurane (volatile anesthetic). 
Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized with propofol or isoflurane. Rats in each group were randomized to celiotomy and closure (control) or cecal ligation and puncture (Sepsis-inflammation) for eight hours.
Results:  Inflammation led to upregulation in hypoxia-inducible factor-1 in both groups. Rats anesthetized with isoflurane also exhibited increases in bcl-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and heme oxygenase-1 during inflammation, whereas rats anesthetized with propofol did not. In rats anesthetized with isoflurane, decreased mRNA, protein (Complex II, IV, V), and activity levels (Complex II/III,IV,V) were identified for all components of the electron transport chain, leading to a decrease in mitochondrial ATP.  In contrast, in rats anesthetized with propofol, these changes were not identified after exposure to inflammation.  RNA-Seq and qPCR expression analysis identified a substantial difference between groups (isoflurane versus propofol) in mitogen-activated protein kinase related gene expression following exposure to Sepsis-inflammation. 
Conclusions:  Compared to rats anesthetized with propofol, those anesthetized with isoflurane exhibit more oxidative stress, decreased oxidative phosphorylation protein expression and electron transport chain activity and increased expression of organ-protective proteins.