AUTHOR=Lin Chu-Sheng , Lee Wei-Ju , Lin Shih-Yi , Lin Hui-Ping , Chen Ran-Chou , Lin Chi-Hung , Chen Liang-Kung 

TITLE=Subtypes of Premorbid Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Clinical Outcomes in Older Adults

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Medicine

VOLUME=Volume 8 - 2021

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2021.698728

DOI=10.3389/fmed.2021.698728

ISSN=2296-858X

ABSTRACT=Introduction
Metabolic syndrome has been shown to be a risk for new onset of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The subclasses of metabolic syndrome and associated adverse health outcomes remain obscure. The study aimed to explore potential subtypes of metabolic syndromes and their associations with incidental diabetes, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). 
Methods
Data of the retrospective cohort study exercperted from the New Taipei City Elderly Health Examination Database in 2014 and 2016. Demographic data and status of metabolic syndrome as well as its components and latent class analysis were analyzed. All participants were aged 65 years and older, and those with prior history of cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes mellitus and current use of medications for hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia were excluded. 
Results 
Total of 4,537 senior citizens participating were enrolled, and 2,207 (48.6%) of them were male. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome and central obesity increased with age. A 4-latent class model was fitted for participants with metabolic syndrome. The ABD+GLU+HDL+BP group had the highest HR for predicting new onset of diabetes. The ABD+ HDL+BP group had a high risk of cardiovascular disease and MACE compared after 2 years of follow-up. 
Conclusions
This epidemiological analysis demonstrated that risks of developing new onset diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and MACE varied among the different subtypes of metabolic syndrome.