AUTHOR=Xiong Yang , Zhang Fuxun , Wu Changjing , Zhang Yangchang , Huang Xiaoyingzi , Qin Feng , Yuan Jiuhong 

TITLE=The Circadian Syndrome Predicts Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Suggestive of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Better Than Metabolic Syndrome in Aging Males: A 4-Year Follow-Up Study

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Medicine

VOLUME=Volume 8 - 2021

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2021.715830

DOI=10.3389/fmed.2021.715830

ISSN=2296-858X

ABSTRACT=Background: The prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostate hyperplasia (LUTS/BPH) increases in males. Although several risk factors, including metabolic syndrome (MetS), depression etc., were identified, the underlying etiological factor remains unclear. Recently, circadian syndrome (CircS) was proposed as a novel risk cluster based on MetS. To compare the predictive power of the CircS and MetS for LUTS/BPH, this study was performed. Materials and Methods: In the baseline survey, 4,390 males aged 40 years above from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were enrolled. Of them, 3,658 males were followed in the 2015 survey. Logistic regression was adopted to examine the relationships between CircS, MetS and LUTS/BPH. To further verify the association, propensity score matching was used for sensitivity analyses. Moreover, the participants who had LUTS/BPH at the baseline were excluded to test the longitudinal relationships between CircS, MetS and LUTS/BPH. Additionally, we employed the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to compare the predictive power using the number of CircS and MetS components. The DeLong test was used to test the disparities of area under curves (AUCs). Results: The prevalence of CircS and MetS in aging males was 30.23% and 38.36%, respectively. The odds ratios for prevalent LUTS/BPH were 1.61 (95% CI = 1.29 - 2.00, P < 0.001) and 1.34 (95% CI = 1.08 - 1.66, P < 0.01), respectively, in aging males. This increased risk was also observed in incident LUTS/BPH. The prevalence of LUTS/BPH in normal, CircS alone, MetS alone and both CircS and MetS groups were 6.96%, 8.77%, 7.83% and 10.77%, respectively. The AUCs for CircS predicting prevalent and incident LUTS/BPH were higher than those for MetS (0.582 versus 0.556 for incident LUTS/BPH, P < 0.001; 0.574 versus 0.561 for prevalent LUTS/BPH, P < 0.05). Conclusion: The CircS predicts both incident and prevalent LUTS/BPH better than MetS.