AUTHOR=Durmus Kocak Nagihan , Oruc Ozlem , Boga Sibel , Acar Cem , Kavas Murat , Aydogan Eroglu Selma , Gundogus Baran , Sogukpinar Ozlem , Bekir Sumeyye , Oztin Guven Aysem Askim , Akbay Makbule Ozlem , Arinc Sibel , Duman Dildar , Takir Huriye Berk , Yaman Feride , Ozbaki Fatma , Sonkaya Esin , Bulbul Esra Usta , Anil Tokyay Dilem , Dagyildizi Lale , Akturk Ulku Aka , Oztas Selahattin , Ernam Dilek , Gungor Gokay , Adiguzel Nalan , Yildiz Tekin , Mocin Ozlem Yazicioglu , Gunen Hakan , Yildiz Reyhan , Sevim Tulin , Torun Tulay 

TITLE=Use of Radiology, D-Dimer, and Mean Platelet Volume Combination as a Prognostic Marker in Hospitalized Coronavirus Disease-19 Patients

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Medicine

VOLUME=Volume 8 - 2021

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2021.788551

DOI=10.3389/fmed.2021.788551

ISSN=2296-858X

ABSTRACT=Introduction:The search for biomarkers that could help in predicting disease prognosis in the COVID-19 outbreak is still high on the agenda. 
Objective: To find out the efficacy of D-dimer and MPV combination as a prognostic marker in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with bilateral infiltration. 
Materials and Methods:Study design: Retrospective observational cohort.
Patients who presented to our hospital between March 16th and June 07th 2020 were reviewed retrospectively.The primary outcome of the study was specified as the need for intensive care, while the secondary outcomes were duration of treatment and hospitalization.ROC analyzes were carried out to assess the efficacy of D-dimer and MPV parameters as prognostic markers. 
Results:Between the mentioned dates, 575 of 1564 patients were found to be compatible with COVID-19,and the number of patients who included the study was 306.The number of patients who developed the need for intensive care was 40 (13.1%).For serum D-dimer levels in assessing the need for intensive care,AUC was found to be 0.707 (95%CI:0.620-0.794). The AUC for MPV was 0.694 (95%CI: 0.585-0.803),when D-Dimer was≥1.0mg/L.When patients with a D-Dimer level of≥1.0mg/L were divided into two groups considering the MPV cut-off value as 8.1, the rate of intensive care transport was found to be significantly higher in patients with an MPV of ≥ 8.1fL compared to those with an MPV of<8.1fL (32.6% vs 16.0%, p=0.043).For the prognostic efficacy of the combination of D-Dimer≥1.0mg/L and MPV≥8.1fL in determining the need for intensive care, following values were determined; Sensitivity:57.7%,Specificity:70.8%,PPV:32.0%,NPV:84.0%,Accuracy:63.0%. When D-dimer was≥1.0, the median duration of treatment in MPV<8.1 and≥8.1 groups were 5.0 (IQR: 5.0-10.0) days for both groups (p=0.64).The median length of hospital stay was 7.0 (IQR: 5.0-10.5) days in the MPV<8.1 group, while it was 8.5 (IQR: 5.0-16.3) days in the MPV≥8.1 group (p=0.17).  
Conclusion:In COVID-19 patients with a serum D-Dimer level of at least 1.0mg/L and radiological bilateral infiltration at hospitalization, if the MPV value is ≥ 8.1, we could predict the need for intensive care with moderate efficacy and a relatively high negative predictive value.However, no correlation could be found between this combined marker and the duration of treatment and the length of hospital stay.