AUTHOR=Liu Weiqin , Liu Weishai , Wang Chenxiao 

TITLE=Ocular biometric parameters of mild hyperopia to mild myopia children aged 6–14 years from Wenzhou optometry center: A cross-sectional study

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Medicine

VOLUME=Volume 9 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2022.992587

DOI=10.3389/fmed.2022.992587

ISSN=2296-858X

ABSTRACT=Introduction: Myopia is the most common visual disorder in school-aged children and adolescents worldwide. This study is to explore the ocular biometric characteristics of children aged 6 to 14 years from Wenzhou optometry center and to determine the relationship between spherical equivalent refraction (SER) and macular pigment optical density (MPOD).
Subjects and methods: Participants underwent a full-scale ophthalmic examination anteriorly and posteriorly. Relevant parameters were documented, including axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), SER and lens thickness (LT), corneal curvature radius (CCR), MPOD. Lens power (LP) was calculated using Bennett’s formula. Shapiro-Wilk tests and histograms were used to check the normality of the distribution of refractive and ocular biometric parameters. Scatter diagrams were adopted to analyze the relationships between refraction and parameters of ocular biometry. Multiple linear regression models were employed to fit the associated factors of AL, AL/CCR and LP.
Results: A total of 902 mild hyperopia to mild myopia ( +3.00 D ≤ SE ≤-3.00 D) children  aged 6 to 14 years were included. The mean age of participants was 10.03±2.47 years and the prevalences of mild hyperopia, emmetropia and myopia were 5.65%, 27.05%, and 67.30%, respectively. Prevalence of mild myopia increased from 30.53% at 6 years of age to 93.62% at 14 years of age. Overall, AL, ACD, and AL/CCR increased, but LP declined from 6 to 14 years of age, whereas CCR and MPOD remained stable. The mean CCRs at the age of 6 and 7 are significantly higher than other ages. An increase of 1 mm in AL was associated with -0.69 D of myopic change. A unit increase in AL/CCR was associated with -7.87 D in SER. As for the SER variance, AL explained 30.5% and AL/CCR explained 51.1%, whereas AL/CCR, and LP accounted for 59.2%.
Discussion: In this work, we found that children from the optometry center had a slower progression towards myopia than that from previous sampling survey, which was an informative finding for future myopia prevention. In addition, we have made correlation analysis between the macular pigment optical density and spherical equivalent refraction, Though, no correlation was found.