AUTHOR=Pinheiro Luiz Carlos Holanda Torres , Rossi Marcelo , dos Santos Carlos André Freitas , Oliveira Luis Vicente Franco , Vencio Sergio , de Paula Vieira Rodolfo , Juliano Yara , Armond Jane , Silva Carlos Hassel Mendes , Fonseca Adriano Luís , França Carolina Nunes , Bachi André Luís Lacerda 

TITLE=Prevalence of associations among sarcopenia, obesity, and metabolic syndrome in Brazilian older adults

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Medicine

VOLUME=Volume 10 - 2023

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2023.1206545

DOI=10.3389/fmed.2023.1206545

ISSN=2296-858X

ABSTRACT=Although aging is a process associated with the development of obesity, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and sarcopenia, the prevalence of these conditions in older adults from São Paulo, Brazil, is unclear. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the prevalence, both separately and in conjunction, of obesity, sarcopenia, and MetS within an older adult community-based sample from São Paulo, Brazil. Data from medical records of 418 older adults, of both sexes, aged 60 years or over (mean age 69.3±6.5), who were not physically active, were used to conduct this retrospective cross-sectional study. Anthropometric variables were used to determine both the body mass index (BMI) and Conicity Index (C index). Sarcopenia and MetS were defined following the criteria presented by the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People, and by the Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism, respectively. Based on the BMI, the older men group (n=91) preferentially showed adequate weight (n=49), and the older women group (n=327) presented obesity (n=181). In association with obesity, whilst only the older women group presented sarcopenia (n=5), 52 older women and 9 older men presented MetS, and 2 older women presented sarcopenia + MetS [Prevalence ratio=0.0385, 95% CI (0.007;0.1924)]. Based on the C index, 58 older women and 11 older men presented MetS, while the occurrence of sarcopenia or MetS + sarcopenia was found in 32 and 5 older women, respectively [Prevalence ratio=0.0910, 95% CI (0.037;0.2241)]. Our results suggest that obesity, defined according to BMI or the C Index, was more associated with the occurrence of MetS than sarcopenia, regardless of sex, and also that the occurrence of sarcopenic obesity was found only in the older women group.Additionally, the prevalence ratio of obesity, sarcopenia, and MetS evidenced using the C index was 2.3-fold higher than the values found using the BMI classification.