AUTHOR=Odehnalová Nikola , Šandriková Viera , Hromadka Róbert , Skaličková Markéta , Dytrych Petr , Hoskovec David , Kejík Zdeněk , Hajduch Jan , Vellieux Frédéric , Vašáková Martina Koziar , Martásek Pavel , Jakubek Milan 

TITLE=The potential of exosomes in regenerative medicine and in the diagnosis and therapies of neurodegenerative diseases and cancer

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Medicine

VOLUME=Volume 12 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2025.1539714

DOI=10.3389/fmed.2025.1539714

ISSN=2296-858X

ABSTRACT=Exosomes, nanosized extracellular vesicles released by various cell types, are intensively studied for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, and they also display high usability in regenerative medicine. Emphasizing their diagnostic potential, exosomes serve as carriers of disease-specific biomarkers, enabling non-invasive early detection and personalized medicine. The cargo loading of exosomes with therapeutic agents presents an innovative strategy for targeted drug delivery, minimizing off-target effects and optimizing therapeutic interventions. In regenerative medicine, exosomes play a crucial role in intercellular communication, facilitating tissue regeneration through the transmission of bioactive molecules. While acknowledging existing challenges in standardization and scalability, ongoing research efforts aim to refine methodologies and address regulatory considerations. In summary, this review underscores the transformative potential of exosomes in reshaping the landscape of medical interventions, with a particular emphasis on cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and regenerative medicine.