AUTHOR=Liu Yuqing , Gao Feng , Cheng Yang , Qi Liang , Yu Haining 

TITLE=Applications and advances of multi-omics technologies in gastrointestinal tumors

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Medicine

VOLUME=Volume 12 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/medicine/articles/10.3389/fmed.2025.1630788

DOI=10.3389/fmed.2025.1630788

ISSN=2296-858X

ABSTRACT=Gastrointestinal tumors pose a significant clinical challenge due to their high heterogeneity and the difficulties in early diagnosis. The article systematically reviews the latest advances in multi-omics technologies in gastrointestinal tumor research, focusing on their contributions to early screening, biomarker discovery, and treatment optimization. Genomics reveals genetic characteristics and heterogeneity of tumors; transcriptomics helps identify molecular subtypes and potential therapeutic targets; proteomics provides important information on core proteins and the immune microenvironment; and metabolomics offers promising biomarkers for early diagnosis. Furthermore, emerging fields such as epigenomics, metagenomics, and lipidomics, through the construction of multi-scale frameworks, have opened new paths for molecular subtyping and targeted therapy. By integrating these multi-dimensional data, multi-omics integration enables a panoramic dissection of driver mutations, dynamic signaling pathways, and metabolic-immune interactions. However, challenges such as data heterogeneity, insufficient algorithm generalization, and high costs limit clinical translation. In the future, the integration of single-cell multi-omics, artificial intelligence, and deep learning technologies with multi-omics may offer more efficient strategies for the precise diagnosis and personalized treatment of gastrointestinal tumors.