AUTHOR=Ni Jing-Jing , Xu Qian , Yan Shan-Shan , Han Bai-Xue , Zhang Hong , Wei Xin-Tong , Feng Gui-Juan , Zhao Min , Pei Yu-Fang , Zhang Lei 

TITLE=Gut Microbiota and Psychiatric Disorders: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology

VOLUME=Volume 12 - 2021

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.737197

DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2021.737197

ISSN=1664-302X

ABSTRACT=Evidence supports the observational associations of gut microbiota with a variety of psychiatric disorders, but the causal nature of such associations remains obscure. Aiming to comprehensively investigate their causal relationship as well as to identify specific causal microbe taxa for psychiatric diseases, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis of gut microbiome with 15 psychiatric diseases. Specifically, the microbiome genome-wide association study (GWAS) in 18,473 individuals from the MiBioGen study was used as exposure sample, and the GWAS for 15 psychiatric diseases were used as outcome samples. One-hundred ninety bacterial taxa from six levels were available for analysis. At a multiple-testing corrected significance level (phylum P<5.56×10-3, class P<3.33×10-3, order P<2.63×10-3, family P<1.67×10-3, genus P<4.90×10-4 and species P<3.33×10-3), the following 8 causal associations from 7 bacterial features (1 phylum + 3 classes +1 order+ 1 family + 1 species) were identified: family Prevotellaceae with autism spectrum disorder (P=5.31×10-4), class Betaproteobacteria with bipolar disorder (P=1.53×10-3), class Actinobacteria with schizophrenia (P=1.33×10-3), class Bacteroidia and order Bacteroidales  with Tourette syndrome (P=2.51×10-3 and 2.51×10-3), phylum Actinobacteria and class Actinobacteria with extroversion (P=8.22×10-4 and 1.09×10-3), and species Clostridium innocuum with neuroticism (P=8.92×10-4). Sensitivity analysis showed no evidence of reverse causality, pleiotropy and heterogeneity. Our findings offered novel insights into the gut microbiota mediated development mechanism of psychiatric disorders.