AUTHOR=Xie Wanying , Zhang Huimin , Ni Yongqing , Peng Yunhua 

TITLE=Contrasting Diversity and Composition of Human Colostrum Microbiota in a Maternal Cohort With Different Ethnic Origins but Shared Physical Geography (Island Scale)

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology

VOLUME=Volume 13 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.934232

DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2022.934232

ISSN=1664-302X

ABSTRACT=Colostrum represents an important source for the transfer of important commensal bacteria from mother to newborns, have a strong impact on the newborn’s health after birth. However, the composition of colostrum microbiome is highly heterogeneous due to geographic factors and ethnicity (maternal, cultural and subsistence factors). By analyzing colostrum 16S rRNA gene full-length sequencing dataset in 97 health mothers (60 from Han, 37 from Li) from Hainan island of China, we show the ethnic differences of the colostrum microbiome in a maternal cohort with different ethnic origins but shared physical geography. Results indicated that the richness of microbial community in colostrum of Han women was higher than that of Li women, but there was no significant difference in shannon index and invsimpson index between the two groups. Visualization analysis based on the Bray-Curtis distance showed an obvious ethnicity-associated structural segregation of colostrum microbiota. The relative abundance of Firmicutes was higher in the microbiota of the Han group than in Li’s, while Proteobacteria was on the contrary. At the genus level, the most dominant members in Han and Li ethnic group are Acineobacter and Cupriavidus, two common environmental bacteria, respectively, although skin-derived Staphylococcus and Streptococcus are still subdominant taxa. Cupriavidus lacunae was the most dominant species in the Li group, accounting for 26.10% of the total bacterial community, but only 3.43% for the Han group with the most dominant Staphylococcus petrusii (25.54%), indicating that human colostrum microbiome is more susceptible to local living environmental factors. Hence, the ethnic origin of individuals may be an important factor to consider in human milk microbiome research and its potential clinical significance during perinatal period in ethnic-diverse societies, even within a small geographic scale.