AUTHOR=Liang Mingmin , Liu Xianzhi , Li Juncai , Chen Qijia , Zeng Bin , Wang Zhong , Li Jing , Wang Lei 

TITLE=BANNMDA: a computational model for predicting potential microbe–drug associations based on bilinear attention networks and nuclear norm minimization

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Microbiology

VOLUME=Volume 15 - 2024

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/microbiology/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1497886

DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2024.1497886

ISSN=1664-302X

ABSTRACT=IntroductionPredicting potential associations between microbes and drugs is crucial for advancing pharmaceutical research and development. In this manuscript, we introduced an innovative computational model named BANNMDA by integrating Bilinear Attention Networks(BAN) with the Nuclear Norm Minimization (NNM) to uncover hidden connections between microbes and drugs.MethodsIn BANNMDA, we initially constructed a heterogeneous microbe-drug network by combining multiple drug and microbe similarity metrics with known microbe-drug relationships. Subsequently, we applied both BAN and NNM to compute predicted scores of potential microbe-drug associations. Finally, we implemented 5-fold cross-validation frameworks to evaluate the prediction performance of BANNMDA.Results and discussionThe experimental results indicated that BANNMDA outperformed state-of-the-art competitive methods. We conducted case studies on well-known drugs such as the Amoxicillin and Ceftazidime, as well as on pathogens such as Bacillus cereus and Influenza A virus, to further evaluate the efficacy of BANNMDA, and experimental outcomes showed that there were 9 out of the top 10 predicted drugs, along with 8 and 9 out of the top 10 predicted microbes having been corroborated by relevant literatures. These findings underscored the capability of BANNMDA to achieve commendable predictive accuracy.