AUTHOR=Xie Fengxiao , Huang Xin , He Chaobin , Wang Ruiqi , Li Shengping 

TITLE=An Inflammatory Response-Related Gene Signature Reveals Distinct Survival Outcome and Tumor Microenvironment Characterization in Pancreatic Cancer

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences

VOLUME=Volume 9 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/molecular-biosciences/articles/10.3389/fmolb.2022.876607

DOI=10.3389/fmolb.2022.876607

ISSN=2296-889X

ABSTRACT=Background: Desmoplasia or rich fibrotic stroma is a typical property of pancreatic cancer (PC), with a significant impact on tumor progression, metastasis, and chemotherapy response. Unusual inflammatory responses are considered to induce fibrosis of tissue, but the expression and clinical significance of inflammatory response-related genes in PC have not been clearly elucidated. 
Methods: Prognosis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between tumor and normal tissues were identified by comparing the transcriptome data of PC samples based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) portal and the Genotype Tissue Expression (GTEx) databases. Samples from the ArrayExpress database were used as an external validation cohort.
Results: A total of 27 inflammatory response-related DEGs in PC were identified. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis revealed 3 core genes that served as an inflammatory response gene signature (IRGS), and a risk score was calculated. The diagnostic accuracy of the IRGS was validated in the training (n = 176) and validation (n = 288) cohorts, which reliably predicted the overall survival (OS) and DFS (disease-free survival) of patients with PC. Furthermore, multivariate analysis identified the risk score as an independent risk factor for OS and DFS. The comprehensive results suggested that a high IRGS score was correlated with decreased CD8+ T cells and increased M2 macrophage infiltration, increased occurrence of stroma-activated molecular subtype and hypoxia, enriched myofibroblast-related signaling pathways, and greater benefit from gemcitabine.
Conclusions: The IRGS was able to promisingly distinguish the prognosis, the tumor microenvironment characteristics, and the benefit from chemotherapy for PC.