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        <title>Frontiers in Nanotechnology | New and Recent Articles</title>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nanotechnology</link>
        <description>RSS Feed for Frontiers in Nanotechnology | New and Recent Articles</description>
        <language>en-us</language>
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        <pubDate>2026-08-21T11:03:05.862+00:00</pubDate>
        <ttl>60</ttl>
        <item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1888883</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1888883</link>
        <title><![CDATA[A 3-electrode electrochemical cell on CMOS and application for amperometric measurement of dopamine]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-21T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Minghao Li</author><author>Aishath N. Naeem</author><author>Sara S. Ghoreishizadeh</author>
        <description><![CDATA[An overview of CMOS-integrated dopamine sensors - in which the working electrode(s) are monolithically integrated on the CMOS chip - is presented with a focus on key advantages of such monolithic integration, namely, the scalability and high spatial and temporal resolutions. We highlight that a key current limitation of such integrated microsystems is their lack of autonomy: (i) external off-chip reference and counter electrodes are still needed to carry out a measurement; and (ii) post-CMOS processing for electrode development requires clean-room-based techniques (e.g., lithography) or benchtop electrochemical workstations. This work addresses both limitations by fully integrating all three electrodes on a CMOS chip. We also demonstrate how simple on-chip circuits can be used for electrode development. An array of gold and silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) microelectrodes was developed using a simple, scalable, and low-cost electroless and electroplating process. An on-chip current generator circuit is used for in situ control of the electrodeposition and an amperometric readout circuit is designed to read the sensor current. The circuits are designed and fabricated in a standard 180-nm CMOS process. The on-chip 3-electrode sensor has been successfully used for amperometric dopamine measurement.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1872948</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1872948</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Bernstein collocation method for Jeffery–Hamel nanofluid flow and heat transfer: a comparative study with the Chebyshev collocation method]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-14T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>N. Keerthana</author><author>R. Padma</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Jeffery–Hamel (JH) flow explains fluid motion between two intersecting walls, generating either a converging or diverging channel, and it is a reliable model for simulating blood flow behavior through arteries. The flow dynamics and heat transfer properties of nanofluids are closely studied by evaluating the combined influence of the magnetic field intensity, porous medium porosity, nanoparticle volume fraction, and Prandtl number. Suitable similarity transformations are applied to the governing momentum and energy equations, sequentially converting them to a dynamic system of non-linear ordinary differential equations. The resultant coupled equations are computed using the Bernstein collocation method (BCM), and the results are compared with those of the Chebyshev collocation method (CCM). The significance of nanoparticles on fluid characteristics are analyzed through different thermo-physical properties by dispersing two different particles, Fe3O4 and Cu, on the base fluid blood. The effect of various governing factors on the velocity and temperature profile is closely evaluated, and the skin friction coefficient and Nusselt number are calculated to determine the flow resistance and heat transmission characteristics. Moreover, the computed numerical values of convergence and absolute error assures that the accuracy of the utilized method of BCM are verified and validated via response surface methodology (RSM) and propounds the efficacy in offering the reliable numerical solution to the JH nanofluid flow problem.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1870683</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1870683</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Band-engineering in area-dependent InGaZnO(IGZO)-based memristive devices]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-14T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Peijia Yuan</author><author>Clemens Wittberg</author><author>Jonas Deuermeier</author><author>Maria Elias Pereira</author><author>Yen-Po Liu</author><author>David N. Mueller</author><author>Asal Kiazadeh</author><author>Regina Dittmann</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Area-dependent memristive devices based on the valence change mechanism are promising candidates for emerging analog and neuromorphic computing due to their intrinsic analog switching behavior and reduced variability. Among these, IGZO-based devices are particularly attractive owing to their potential for multifunctional applications, including optoelectronics and flexible electronics. However, systematic design strategies that directly link the material and interface properties to their device performance remain unexplored. In this work, we demonstrate that the switching polarity and electrical characteristics of IGZO-based memristive devices can be systematically tuned by modifying the top electrode. This control is shown to originate from changes in the band alignment and the resulting spatial electric field distribution across the device. To identify the governing interface and underlying transport mechanisms, we combine energy band diagram simulations with XPS-based band alignment measurements. Using this experimentally validated framework, the measured I–V characteristics are quantitatively reproduced within the Tsu–Esaki tunneling model. These results establish a consistent physical understanding of switching in IGZO-based devices and demonstrate that band engineering provides a powerful route to control both transport and switching behavior, enabling targeted optimization for large-scale analog and neuromorphic systems.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1883273</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1883273</link>
        <title><![CDATA[An end-to-end CMOS–memristor integrated platform for neural signal processing]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-12T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Yifu Hu</author><author>Dongxu Guo</author><author>Xiongfei Jiang</author><author>Shiwei Wang</author><author>Themis Prodromakis</author>
        <description><![CDATA[This paper presents the design and hardware validation of a CMOS–memristor hybrid neural signal processing platform. The system combines a CMOS neural amplifier, a level-crossing spike encoder, FPGA-based pulse conditioning, and a volatile TiOx memristive integrating sensor (MIS) to convert low-frequency neural activity into spike-based events and then into a compact resistance trajectory. In this study, previously recorded LFP data were preprocessed and replayed through the hardware signal chain, while saline-bath electrode coupling was used as a controlled intermediate validation step between direct electrical injection and future biological acquisition. The results show that the front-end can preserve event timing under electrode-mediated coupling and that temporally clustered spike activity can induce measurable MIS resistance modulation. Overall, the platform demonstrates a feasibility-oriented hardware pathway for sensor-proximal neural activity summarisation, while quantitative event-detection benchmarking, multi-device statistics, and multi-channel MIS validation remain necessary for future deployment-oriented studies.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1828425</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1828425</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Green-synthesised silver nanoparticles using sewage-derived fish gut bacteria with antibacterial potential against AmpC-β producing Escherichia coli]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-11T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Dipayan Das</author><author>Birson Ingti</author><author>Jaya Jamatia</author><author>Toi Ete</author><author>Demsai Reang</author><author>Anupama Moirangthem</author><author>Inderjeet Kaur</author><author>Ranjay Kumar Choudhary</author><author>Payel Paul</author><author>Nitesh Priyadarshi</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Microbial-mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) represents an eco-friendly alternative to conventional chemical methods by utilising biological reducing and stabilising agents. In this study, gut bacteria isolated from sewage-exposed fish were used to synthesise AgNPs, and the resulting nanoparticles were evaluated for their antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Bacterial biomass was used to reduce Ag+ ions from a 1 mM AgNO3 solution. Nanoparticle formation and characterisation were confirmed using UV–Visible spectroscopy, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). A distinct color change from pale yellow to brown and a characteristic absorption peak at approximately 350–400 nm confirmed AgNP synthesis. TEM analysis revealed predominantly spherical nanoparticles ranging from 10 to 30 nm in size. The biosynthesised AgNPs exhibited antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria including AmpC-producing Escherichia coli, producing inhibition zones in the range of 24–31 mm. The synthesised nanoparticles displayed strong dose-dependent antioxidant activity, in terms of DPPH and ABTS+ radical scavenging activity, with IC50 of 18 μg/mL and 39 μg/mL, respectively. These findings indicate the potential of sewage fish gut bacteria as a sustainable source for producing bioactive AgNPs with promising applications as an antibacterial agent.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1832447</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1832447</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Nanobiosensors: enabling next-generation soil and plant health monitoring]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-08-05T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Swathy Prakash Jayabharathi</author><author>K. Theresa</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Soil health is a critical determinant of sustainable agriculture and ecosystem stability, yet conventional soil analysis methods remain labor-intensive and unsuitable for real-time monitoring. Nanobiosensors have emerged as advanced tools enabling rapid, sensitive, and on-site detection of key soil parameters. This review provides a comprehensive evaluation of nanobiosensor technologies, including electrochemical, optical, piezoelectric, and magnetic sensors, along with enzyme-, DNA and cell-based systems. Their underlying sensing mechanisms, such as signal transduction through electrical, optical, and mechanical changes, are discussed in detail. The applications of nanobiosensors in monitoring soil nutrients, heavy metals, microbial activity, moisture, and plant health are critically analyzed, highlighting their role in precision agriculture. Integration with Internet of Things (IoT)-based platforms for real-time and data-driven decision-making is also emphasized. Key insights reveal that while nanobiosensors offer high sensitivity, selectivity, and rapid response, challenges related to stability, calibration, and large-scale field deployment persist. Future research should focus on improving sensor durability, standardization, and cost-effective scalability for practical agricultural implementation. This review advances current understanding of nanobiosensor technologies and their potential to transform next-generation soil and plant health monitoring systems.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1880211</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1880211</link>
        <title><![CDATA[The effects of gold nanoparticles and nano-emulsions synthesized from cannabidiol oil on oxytocin-induced uterine contractions in rats]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-07-30T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Zeyno Nuhoğlu</author><author>Çiğdem Dikbaş Bozkurt</author><author>Ghassan H. Matar</author><author>Müberra Andaç</author><author>Yavuz Kürşad Daş</author><author>Hikmet Özgün Işcan</author><author>Abdurrahman Aksoy</author>
        <description><![CDATA[This study investigates the development of innovative, naturally derived therapeutic agents for managing uterine contractions, which have significant implications for tocolysis and dysmenorrhea treatment. Three nano-formulations were evaluated: chemically synthesized gold nanoparticles (CS-AuNPs), green-synthesized gold nanoparticles using cannabidiol oil (CBDO-AuNPs), and a CBD nano-emulsion (CBDO-NE2). Advanced analysis techniques, including UV-Vis spectrophotometry, SEM-EDX, XRD, FTIR, and DLS, were employed for the characterization. These NPs were mostly spherical, ranging in size from 10 to 213 nm. Using an isolated tissue bath system with rat uteri, the study compared the antispasmodic effects of these nanoformulations with those of CBD on oxytocin-induced contractions. Results demonstrated that CS-AuNPs and CBDO-AuNPs significantly outperformed CBD across all contractile parameters (p < 0.004). Notably, CS-AuNPs exhibited the highest potency due to direct interactions with cell membranes and ion channels, as well as the influence of citrate stabilizers. In contrast, the CBDO-NE2 showed more selective effects, significantly affecting the cumulative area under the curve (AUC, p = 0.001) but not the contraction frequency (BPM, p = 0.222). These findings suggest that the physical and chemical properties of the nano-delivery system influence the therapeutic potential of CBD. The synthesized nano-formulations offer a promising approach to enhancing bioavailability and antispasmodic potency, indicating the need for subsequent in vivo clinical evaluation.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1875127</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1875127</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Photoluminescence and Hirshfeld surface analysis of the binuclear mixed-ligand complex [Eu2(o-MBA)6(phen)2]]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-07-30T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Ion Culeac</author><author>Elena Melnic</author><author>Vladislav Ghenea</author><author>Ion Bulhac</author><author>Ion Cojocaru</author><author>Victor Verlan</author><author>Anatolii Siminel</author><author>Artur Buzdugan</author><author>Aida-Ghiulnare Pantazi</author><author>Marius Enachescu</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionUnderstanding the relationship between local coordination symmetry and the photoluminescent (PL) properties of europium(III) complexes is important for the design of new luminescent materials. This study investigates the photophysical properties of the binuclear complex [Eu2(o-MBA)6(phen)2], featuring carboxylate and phenanthroline ligands, to correlate local coordination symmetry, intermolecular interactions, and PL characteristics.MethodsThe complex was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and PL spectroscopy (15–300 K). Hirshfeld surface analysis was employed to evaluate intermolecular interactions, while Judd–Ofelt analysis and Stark splitting of the 5D0→7FJ transitions were used to derive radiative parameters and estimate second-rank crystal-field parameters.ResultsStructural analysis reveals that both Eu3+ centers adopt similar nine-coordinate environments, with asymmetrically distributed intermolecular contacts indicating a distorted local crystal field. This correlates with the PL characteristics, which show that the magnetic-dipole transition 5D0→7F1 displays three almost equally spaced components with approximately the same integrated intensity, while the dominant electric-dipole transition 5D0→7F2 contains at least six components. This is consistent with a binuclear, low-symmetry structure, indicating two non-equivalent yet nearly identical Eu3+ coordination sites. Analysis of the Stark splitting yields estimated second-rank crystal-field parameters consistent with a Cᵢ symmetry environment in the triclinic P-1 crystal structure. The rhombicity ratio points to a significant non-axial contribution, demonstrating that the rhombic distortion is comparable to the axial component. Moderate thermal quenching of the emission intensity over the temperature range of 80–300 K, narrow Eu3+ emission bands, along with high color purity (∼97%), suggest that this compound may be a promising candidate for optoelectronic applications, although dedicated device-level studies are required to assess its practical performance.DiscussionThe combined structural and spectroscopic analysis provides new insights into the relationships between local coordination geometry, intermolecular interactions, and the photoluminescence behavior of the [Eu2(o-MBA)6(phen)2] complex. The results highlight the sensitivity of Eu3+ emission to coordination asymmetry and confirm its effectiveness as a probe of local symmetry in Eu3+ coordination compounds.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1882288</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1882288</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Solving linear programming in one step with RRAM-based analog matrix computing]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-07-22T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Yubiao Luo</author><author>Zhong Sun</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Linear programming (LP) is among the most fundamental optimization techniques. However, solving LP problems on conventional digital hardware is increasingly constrained by the polynomial computational complexity of matrix operations. In this work, we present an analog matrix computing (AMC) circuit built on resistive random-access memory (RRAM) crossbar arrays and the projection neural network (PNN) model that solves LP problems in one step. The proposed circuit directly maps the PNN dynamical system onto a closed-loop feedback system, where an RRAM-based projection matrix computation unit executes the projection matrix computation in one step, while analog neuron modules perform integration, nonlinear activation, and subtraction to establish a global negative feedback loop. The proposed circuit was tested on assignment problems and instances from the LP Netlib test set. Circuit-level simulations show that the solver reaches stable solutions within approximately 15 μs for problems with up to 100 variables, achieving nearly two orders of magnitude speedup over the digital PNN baseline. We further introduce an analog-digital hybrid approach where the analog circuit rapidly supplies a near-optimal seed solution to initialize a digital iterative solver, reducing subsequent iteration counts by up to 54.4%. These results demonstrate that RRAM-based AMC offers a promising route toward real-time, energy-efficient LP solving at scale.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1852250</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1852250</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Formulation and evaluation of quinoa seed oil loaded folic acid conjugated bovine serum albumin nanoparticles for anti-breast cancer activity]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-07-16T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Syed Abuzar Raza Rizvi</author><author>Rupali Ghosh</author><author>Zaid Siddiqui</author><author>Nancy Sanjay Gupta</author><author>Abul Vafa</author><author>Javed Ahmad</author><author>Saima Wajid</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionIn 2022, female breast cancer ranked as the second most prevalent disease worldwide. Present medications have significant adverse effects that limit their application. Quinoa seed oil (QSO) has an effective role in suppressing cancer, however, their low solubility in aqueous solution has limited their use. The integration of QSO into nanoparticles can enhance their therapeutic efficacy. This study aimed to prepare QSO-loaded bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoparticles conjugated with folic acid (FA) (FA-QSO-BSA NPs) and evaluate their anticancer activity on breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231).MethodsQSO extraction was carried out using the Soxhlet extraction technique. FA-QSO-BSA NPs were formulated by the desolvation method. The NPs were characterized using DLS, FTIR, and HPLC techniques. Drug encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity were determined by a UV-visible spectrophotometer. The cytotoxic effects of FA-QSO-BSA NPs were investigated by MTT, flow cytometry, and confocal microscopy.ResultsThe results showed the spherical morphology of FA-QSO-BSA NPs with an average size of 146.4 ± 1.32 nm, a polydispersity index of 0.214 ± 6.1, and a zeta potential of −26.0 ± 5.43 mV. The cytotoxicity effects of FA-QSO-BSA NPs against breast cancer cells were in a concentration-dependent manner. At IC50 concentrations (MCF7 = 64.12 μg/mL and MDA-MB-231 = 79.14 μg/mL), FA-QSO-BSA NPs strongly induced nucleus morphological changes, reduced cell proliferation, increased phosphatidylserine exposure, and arrested the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase.DiscussionThe increased cytotoxicity of FA-QSO-BSA NPs against breast cancer cells, together with their ability to induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, underscores their promise as a strong anticancer drug.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1871019</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1871019</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Polyphenol-functionalized Fe3O4 nanomaterials for combating multidrug-resistant ESKAPE pathogens]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-07-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Lucian-Mihai Mercan</author><author>Andreea-Maria Pîndaru</author><author>Grațiela Grădişteanu Pircalabioru</author><author>Ilda Czobor Barbu</author><author>Elena-Carmina Drăgulescu</author><author>Melania Florina Munteanu</author><author>Elena Narcisa Pogurschi</author><author>Grigore Mihăescu</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionAntimicrobial resistance among clinically significant Gram-negative ESKAPE pathogens continues to represent a major therapeutic challenge, underscoring the need for nanomaterial-based anti-infective platforms with robust biological performance. Polyphenol-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles may offer a promising strategy for overcoming multidrug resistance and biofilm-associated infections.MethodsFe3O4 nanoparticles functionalized with gallic acid, curcumin, or quercetin were synthesized by in situ alkaline co-precipitation and characterized using XRD, FTIR, TEM, DLS, zeta potential and TGA. Their antimicrobial, antibiofilm, anti-persister, quorum sensing and efflux pump inhibitory activities were evaluated against multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Cytocompatibility was assessed using MTT assays.ResultsPhysicochemical and interfacial analyses confirmed the formation of polyphenol-coated Fe3O4 nanomaterials, with preserved magnetite crystallinity, nanoscale dimensions, negative surface charge, and stable organic loading. In comparison with the corresponding free polyphenols, the nanoformulations exhibited an increase in antibacterial activity, with Fe3O4@gallic acid showing the most potent effect and a minimum inhibitory concentration of 16 μg/mL against A. baumannii. At sub-inhibitory concentrations, these materials significantly inhibited biofilm formation and diminished mature-biofilm biomass and metabolic activity by up to 78% and 85%, respectively. Notably, Fe3O4@gallic acid also decreased persister-cell burden by up to 5.0 log10 CFU/mL, while gene-expression profiling suggested modulation of quorum-sensing and efflux-associated pathways.DiscussionThese findings highlight the potential of polyphenol-functionalized Fe3O4 nanomaterials as promising candidates for localized antimicrobial interventions and antibiofilm surface engineering.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1890628</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1890628</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Implementation and performance evaluation of CMOS-integrated memristor-driven flip-flop circuits]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-07-13T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Paras Tiwari</author><author>Narendra Singh Dhakad</author><author>Mohit Kumar Gautam</author><author>Shalu Rani</author><author>Sanjay Kumar</author><author>Themis Prodromakis</author>
        <description><![CDATA[In this work, we report the implementation and performance evaluation of memristor-driven fundamental logic gates, including NOT, AND, NAND, OR, NOR, and XOR, and novel and optimized designs of the sequential logic circuits, such as D flip-flop, T-flip-flop, JK-flip-flop, and SR-flip-flop. The design, implementation, and optimization of these logic circuits were performed in SPECTRE in Cadence Virtuoso and integrated with 90 nm CMOS technology node. Additionally, we discuss an optimized design of memristor-driven logic gates and sequential logic circuits, and draw a comparative analysis with the other reported state-of-the-art work on sequential circuits. Moreover, the utilized memristor framework was experimentally pre-validated with the experimental data of Y2O3-based memristive devices, which shows significantly low values of variability during switching in both device-to-device (D2D) and cycle-to-cycle (C2C) operation. The performance metrics were calculated in terms of area, power, and delay of these sequential circuits and were found to be reduced by more than ∼24%, 60%, and 58%, respectively, as compared to the other state-of-the-art work on sequential circuits. Therefore, the implemented memristor-based design significantly improves the performance of various logic designs, which makes it more area and power-efficient and shows the potential of memristors in designing various low-power, low-cost, ultrafast, and compact circuits.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1899853</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1899853</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Editorial: Engineered nanomaterials: understanding their toxicity and environmental impacts]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-07-07T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Editorial</category>
        <author>Sarmistha Saha</author><author>Brigitta Buttari</author><author>Luciano Saso</author>
        <description></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1858852</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1858852</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Flexible and bioresorbable neural interfaces: self-powered biodegradable technologies for neuromonitoring and modulation]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-07-06T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Maria Cerezo-Sanchez</author><author>Danial Kiamarsi</author><author>Jungang Zhang</author><author>Bhavani Prasad Yalagala</author><author>Angel Canal-Alonso</author><author>Ali Mokhtarzade</author><author>Roghaieh Parvizi</author><author>Hadi Heidari</author>
        <description><![CDATA[The emergence of biodegradable and bioresorbable devices is currently transforming the field of implantable neurotechnology by enabling transient, biocompatible systems that avoid the risks and complications associated with permanent implants. This review explores the development of transient “green” electronics and their shift into medical applications, emphasizing their potential to revolutionize neural interfaces. A detailed overview of transient, flexible neural probes, both for the central and peripheral nervous systems, for recording and stimulation, highlights their utility in neurophysiology, neuromodulation, and neuroprosthetics. Additionally, we examine emerging strategies for transient power supplies, including energy harvesting techniques and wireless power transfer, essential for device functionality in implantable settings. Critical considerations such as biocompatibility, safety, and clinical implications are discussed, focusing on the physiological response to implanted bioresorbable materials. This study reviews and analyzes the advantages, challenges, and opportunities posed by biodegradable neurotechnology, including its potential to minimize surgical interventions and reduce long-term complications. Finally, we offer recommendations for future research and clinical translation, identifying key areas for innovation in bioresorbable neurotechnology.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1866642</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1866642</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Programming arbitrary analog conductance states of memristors in one step]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-07-03T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Yongxiang Li</author><author>Shiqing Wang</author><author>Yubiao Luo</author><author>Zhong Sun</author>
        <description><![CDATA[IntroductionThe exponential growth of data-intensive workloads, spanning large-scale neural inference and scientific computing, has exposed the inherent bottlenecks of conventional von Neumann architecture. In-memory analog computing, which leverages memristive crossbar arrays, has emerged as a compelling alternative by enabling highly parallel matrix computations through the exploitation of fundamental physical laws. However, due to the intrinsic stochasticity of resistive switching dynamics, achieving high-precision analog programming becomes difficult and mandates iterative write-verify procedures. These digitally-controlled loops introduce substantial latency and peripheral hardware overhead, undermining the throughput and energy efficiency inherent to analog acceleration.MethodsWe introduce a novel closed-loop feedback architecture that transforms analog-state programming into a self-regulated physical evolution. Unlike traditional discrete control loops, the proposed circuit utilizes its intrinsic dynamics to continuously sense the discrepancy between the instantaneous device conductance and a predefined target value. This error is converted in real time into a regulated feedback signal that drives the device toward the desired state, automatically halting the programming stimulus once the target is reached.ResultsBased on the fabricated memristor devices, experiment results show the circuit can achieve analog programming in one step (∼100 ns). Experimental results also validate successful 3-bit analog tuning within 100 ns, regardless of the initial conductance state. The average relative programming error is only about 2.2%. Moreover, a hybrid approach that augments this autonomous feedback with traditional write-verify cycles is adopted to enhance the programming precision. This approach improves overall programming speed by 3.7× compared to the traditional write-verify scheme.ConclusionThis work significantly improves the analog programming speed of memristor devices and offers a critical advancement for leveraging resistive memory in data-intensive storage-class applications and AI hardware.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1786421</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1786421</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Cationic metal detection using an Al–Al2O3 nanoengineered SPR sensor]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-07-02T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Original Research</category>
        <author>Talia Tene</author><author>Paulina Elizabeth Valverde Aguirre</author><author>Geoconda Marisela Velasco Castelo</author><author>Melvin Arias Polanco</author><author>Lala Gahramanli</author><author>Lorenzo S. Caputi</author><author>Salvatore Straface</author><author>Cristian Vacacela Gomez</author>
        <description><![CDATA[This study reports a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor concept for detecting heavy metal ions in water using a cost-effective multilayer stack based on aluminum (Al), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), and 2D nanomaterials. The architecture is numerically analyzed using the transfer matrix method (TMM) under TM-polarized illumination at 633 nm. Key design parameters, including prism material, Al and Al2O3 thicknesses, and 2D nanomaterial coatings (GO, rGO, sSWCNT, and graphene), are optimized to improve sensitivity and resonance definition. CaF2 is identified as the optimal prism, and an Al thickness of 40–45 nm combined with a 6 nm Al2O3 layer provides a favorable trade-off between resonance sharpness and field confinement. Among the evaluated coatings, rGO yields the best overall performance. For Pb2+ sensing, the optimized configuration achieves an angular sensitivity of 195.67°/RIU, a detection accuracy (DA) of 0.334, and a figure of merit (FoM) of 481.62 RIU−1. Electric-field analysis indicates strong confinement at the sensing interface. Overall, the proposed Al–Al2O3/2D SPR platform supports real-time, label-free detection of toxic metal ions and highlights aluminum-based stacks as a scalable alternative to noble-metal configurations for environmental sensing.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1843615</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1843615</link>
        <title><![CDATA[The nano-neuro nexus: smart sensors at the frontier of detecting neurodegeneration]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-06-29T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Arpit Mehrotra</author><author>Abhilasha Sood</author><author>Shraddha Yadav</author><author>Aditi D. Raval</author><author>S. Renuka Jyothi</author><author>Ashok Kumar Sah</author><author>Chandan Sharma</author><author>Laxmidhar Maharana</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Neurodegenerative diseases are heterogeneous neurological disorders, which represent an alarming global health concern due to their delayed diagnosis, inadequate accessibility of potential biomarkers and permanent neuronal loss. Recent development of nanodiagnostic platforms bestows transformative potential in bridging such diagnostic gaps via ultra-sensitive, real-time detection of molecular and cellular imperfections preceding the clinical onset of such disorders. This manuscript summarizes the evolving landscape of nano-neuro nexus, in which the connexion between nanotechnology and neuroscience with precise restructuring of smart nanoprobes, nanosensors and bio-responsive systems is redefining the holistic capability to visualize and measure “silent signals” responsible for the characteristic pathological progression of neurodegenerative condition/s. The importance of such platforms is credited for the current advancements demonstrated in development of nanoparticle-based biosensors, quantum dots, plasmonic nanostructures and nanoelectronic devices that are capable of precisely evaluating concentration of pathology-specific misfolded protein/s, associated neurotransmitter fluctuations, oxidative stress mediated biomarkers, including presence of extracellular vesicle signatures in biofluids and neural tissues. Moreover, incorporation of such nanodiagnostic platforms with microfluidics and artificial intelligence-based models has further augmented the diagnostic precision efficiency and data interpretability. Although, these recent nanotechnological innovations holds the capacity to early and more accurate identification of a diseased condition, but challenges still exist with respect to their reduced biocompatibility, limited reproducibility, restricted blood-brain barrier permeability and successful translation into clinical outcomes. It is suggested that by addressing these limitations via considering the involvement of multidisciplinary approaches could usher in a new era of personalized nano-neuromedicine. Thus, by deciphering the concerted interaction between smart nanosystems and neural pathology, nanodiagnostic platforms holds the potential to transform management of neurodegenerative disease/s, from reactive treatment strategies to their proactive prevention methods.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1796622</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1796622</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Distribution of nanotechnology in the cancer therapeutics market as a multimodal treatment: comparison with predecessors and emergence in the commercial field]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-06-15T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Mini Review</category>
        <author>Ishita Chanana</author><author>Jagdish Verma</author><author>Aparajita Sharma</author><author>Nitesh Priyadarshi</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Cancer remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide and poses a significant global health burden. The heterogeneity, progression, metastasis, and drug resistance qualities of cancer continue to challenge effective treatment strategies. Consequently, advanced and integrated therapeutic approaches are required to improve clinical outcomes. At present, the solutions involve combination therapy with multimodal strategies that merge the standard traditional treatment methods of surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy to achieve precision, prevention, and preferred outcomes. In this context, nanotechnology has emerged as a promising platform that bridges and enhances these treatment modalities. Nanotechnology-based systems, particularly in drug delivery, diagnostics, and imaging, offer improved targeting, reduced side effects, and better therapeutic efficacies. Over time, nanotechnology has evolved into an interdisciplinary field integrating material sciences, biomedical engineering, and regulatory innovations. It plays a significant role in the cancer therapeutics market, with the drug delivery systems dominating the applications, followed by biosensors, imaging agents, and tissue engineering technologies. However, challenges such as high production costs, potential long-term health risks, and environmental concerns continue to hinder its widespread clinical translation. Therefore, our critical review provides comprehensive insights and comparisons between nanotechnology-based approaches and conventional cancer therapies by highlighting their potential as multimodal treatment strategies, their roles in the therapeutic market, and the challenges associated with their implementation.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1833993</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1833993</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Quantum dots for biomedical innovation: overview, applications, and biosafety]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-06-08T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>JuCai Wang</author><author>YueHeng Qi</author><author>MeiQiu Xu</author>
        <description><![CDATA[Quantum dots (QDs), a class of versatile semiconductor nanomaterials, have emerged as revolutionary tools in biomedical research due to their unique optical properties, tunable surface chemistry, and biocompatibility. This review provides a systematic overview of the fundamental characteristics of QDs, encompassing their diverse types, quantum confinement effects, photostability, synthesis strategies, and advanced characterization techniques. We discuss the cytotoxicity mechanisms of QDs and highlight surface functionalization strategies for enhancing the biocompatibility and targeting efficiency. Through precise functionalization and surface engineering, QDs have successfully been tailored for a wide array of biomedical applications, including cellular imaging, drug delivery, and single-virus tracking. However, their potential biosafety remains a paramount concern, as toxicity profiles are highly dependent on the chemical composition, particle size, and surface modifications. A key focus of this review is on recent breakthroughs in QDs-based single-virus tracking, which provides a robust framework for optimizing QDs platforms in virology research and therapeutic development. We also address the major challenges in clinical translation, such as insufficient targeting accuracy, protein corona formation, immune recognition, and scalable manufacturing. Finally, we discuss the biosafety considerations and future perspectives for the clinical translation of QDs technologies, addressing key challenges including long-term fate, regulatory hurdles, and the development of heavy-metal-free alternatives.]]></description>
      </item><item>
        <guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1860221</guid>
        <link>https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnano.2026.1860221</link>
        <title><![CDATA[Nanomaterial-enabled RNA therapeutics: bridging delivery barriers to clinical translation]]></title>
        <pubdate>2026-06-02T00:00:00Z</pubdate>
        <category>Review</category>
        <author>Kshipra Pandey</author><author>Sneha Jha</author><author>Loka Bikash Chaliha</author><author>Haren Gosai</author><author>Ritu Patel</author>
        <description><![CDATA[RNA-based therapeutics have emerged as promising strategies for treating infectious diseases, cancer, and genetic disorders owing to their ability to regulate gene expression with high specificity. However, their clinical translation remains limited by poor physiological stability, rapid nuclease degradation, inefficient cellular uptake, endosomal entrapment, and unintended immune activation. Nanomaterial-based delivery systems have therefore become essential for protecting RNA cargo, improving intracellular transport, and enabling controlled cytosolic release. This review critically examines recent advances in nanomaterial-enabled RNA delivery platforms, including lipid nanoparticles, polymeric carriers, inorganic nanomaterials, and hybrid biomimetic systems, with emphasis on how nanocarrier physicochemical properties influence RNA loading, biodistribution, cellular internalisation, and endosomal escape. Unlike conventional reviews that separately discuss RNA modalities or delivery systems, this review integrates nanocarrier design, biological barriers, intracellular trafficking, and translational feasibility within a unified design-to-clinic framework, while comparatively analysing why lipid nanoparticles have achieved clinical success whereas many alternative platforms remain translationally limited. Major biological barriers and engineering strategies, including surface functionalization, ligand-mediated targeting, and stimuli-responsive architectures, are systematically correlated with therapeutic outcomes. The review further highlights key translational design principles underlying clinically successful RNA nanotherapeutics, including balancing systemic stability, efficient endosomal escape, biocompatibility, targeted biodistribution, and scalable manufacturing. Representative clinically approved and late-stage systems are discussed alongside current translational limitations, safety concerns, and regulatory challenges. Finally, emerging directions involving artificial intelligence-guided nanocarrier engineering, biomimetic delivery systems, and multifunctional co-delivery platforms are outlined to support the future development of clinically viable RNA therapeutics.]]></description>
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