AUTHOR=Aubart Melodie , Gitiaux Cyril , Roux Charles Joris , Levy Raphael , Schuffenecker Isabelle , Mirand Audrey , Bach Nathalie , Moulin Florence , Bergounioux Jean , Leruez-Ville Marianne , Rozenberg Flore , Sterlin Delphine , Musset Lucile , Antona Denise , Boddaert Nathalie , Zhang Shen Ying , Kossorotoff Manoelle , Desguerre Isabelle 

TITLE=Severe Acute Flaccid Myelitis Associated With Enterovirus in Children: Two Phenotypes for Two Evolution Profiles?

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Neurology

VOLUME=11

YEAR=2020

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neurology/articles/10.3389/fneur.2020.00343

DOI=10.3389/fneur.2020.00343

ISSN=1664-2295

ABSTRACT=<p>Acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) is an acute paralysis syndrome defined by a specific inflammation of the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord. From 2014, worrying waves of life-threatening AFM consecutive to enterovirus infection (EV-D68 and EV-A71) have been reported. We describe 10 children displaying an AFM with an EV infection, the treatments performed and the 1 to 3-years follow-up. Two groups of patients were distinguished: 6 children (“<italic>polio-like group</italic>”) had severe motor disability whereas 4 other children (“<italic>brainstem group</italic>”) displayed severe brainstem weakness requiring ventilation support. Electrodiagnostic studies (<italic>n</italic> = 8) support the presence of a motor neuronopathy associated to myelitis. The best prognosis factor seems to be the motor recovery after the first 4 weeks of the disease.</p>