AUTHOR=Santos Renato O. , Secolin Rodrigo , Barbalho Patrícia G. , Silva-Alves Mariana S. , Alvim Marina K. M. , Yasuda Clarissa L. , Rogerio Fábio , Velasco Tonicarlo R. , Sakamoto Americo C. , Teixeira Antonio L. , Cendes Fernando , Maurer-Morelli Claudia V. , Lopes-Cendes Iscia 

TITLE=Multidimensional Approach Assessing the Role of Interleukin 1 Beta in Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Neurology

VOLUME=Volume 12 - 2021

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neurology/articles/10.3389/fneur.2021.690847

DOI=10.3389/fneur.2021.690847

ISSN=1664-2295

ABSTRACT=We aimed to investigate the role of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) in the mechanisms underlying mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE+HS). We assessed a cohort of 194 patients with MTLE+HS and 199 healthy controls. Patients were divided into those with positive and negative antecedent febrile seizures (FS). We used a multidimensional approach, including (i) genetic association with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IL1B gene; (ii) quantification of the IL1B transcript in hippocampal tissue of patients with refractory seizures; and (iii) quantification of the IL-1β protein in the plasma. We found a genetic association signal for rs3730364*C SNP allele in the IL1B gene, regardless of the presence of FS (odds ratio for MTLE+HS with FS = 2.66, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.86–3.79, p = 5.14e-10; odds ratio for MTLE+HS without FS = 2.51, 95% CI = 1.72–3.66, p = 1.34e-08). We found no difference between IL1B transcript levels when comparing sclerotic hippocampal tissue from patients with MTLE+HS, without FS, and hippocampi from autopsy controls (p > 0.05). Nevertheless, we found increased IL-1β in the plasma of patients with MTLE+HS with FS compared with controls (p = 0.0195). Our results support the hypothesis of a genetic predisposition to MTLE+HS associated with the IL1B gene.