AUTHOR=Mu Lei , Jiang Limin , Chen Juan , Xiao Mei , Wang Wei , Liu Peipei , Wu Jialing 

TITLE=Serum Inflammatory Factors and Oxidative Stress Factors Are Associated With Increased Risk of Frailty and Cognitive Frailty in Patients With Cerebral Small Vessel Disease

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Neurology

VOLUME=Volume 12 - 2021

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neurology/articles/10.3389/fneur.2021.786277

DOI=10.3389/fneur.2021.786277

ISSN=1664-2295

ABSTRACT=Objective: To study the correlation between serum inflammatory factors, oxidative stress factors and frailty, cognitive frailty in patients with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). 
Methods: A total of 281 CSVD patients were selected from Tianjin Huanhu Hospital and Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital from March 2019 to March 2021. CSVD was diagnosed by MRI. Frail scale was used to evaluate frailty of patients. CSVD patients with frailty and MMSE score <27 were considered cognitive frailty. Patients with non-cognitive frailty were included in the control group. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were used to evaluate the cognitive function of CSVD patients. The serum interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP-3), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) of CSVD patients were detected. The correlation between blood inflammatory factors and oxidative stress factors with the frailty and cognitive frailty patients of CSVD were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the correlation between cognitive frailty and CSVD.
Results: Among the CSVD patients selected in this study, female patients and older patients had a higher proportion of frailty (p<0.001). In Frail group, MoCA score and MMSE score were significantly lower than Pre-Frail and Robust, HAMD and HAMA scores were significantly higher than Pre-Frail and Robust, and the differences were statistically significant (p<0.05). Serum CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, MMP-3, MDA levels in Frail group were higher, but SOD levels were lower. The levels of serum CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, MMP-3, and MDA in CSVD patients of Cognitive Frailty group were significantly higher than those of Control group, while the levels of SOD were significantly lower than those of Control group, and the differences were significant (p<0.001). The results of univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that CRP, TNF-α, MMP-3, and MDA levels were associated with cognitive frailty in patients with CSVD (p<0.05). 
Conclusion: The increase of serum CRP, TNF-α, MMP-3, MDA levels are significantly related to the increased risk of frailty and cognitive frailty in patients with CSVD.