AUTHOR=Tung Hsin , Pan Szu-Yen , Lan Tsuo-Hung , Lin Yung-Yang , Peng Syu-Jyun 

TITLE=Characterization of Hippocampal-Thalamic-Cortical Morphometric Reorganization in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Neurology

VOLUME=Volume 12 - 2021

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neurology/articles/10.3389/fneur.2021.810186

DOI=10.3389/fneur.2021.810186

ISSN=1664-2295

ABSTRACT=Introduction: Brain cortico-subcortical connectivity has been investigated in epilepsy using functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Although structural images can not demonstrate dynamic changes, they provide higher spatial resolution, which allows exploration of the brain’s organization in greater detail. 
Methods: We used high-resolution brain MRI to study the hippocampal-thalamo-cortical networks in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) using a volume-based morphometric method. We enrolled 22 right-TLE, 33 left-TLE, and 28 age/gender-matched controls retrospectively. FreeSurfer software was used for thalamus segmentation. 
Results: Among the 50 subfields, ipsilateral anterior, lateral, and parts of the intralaminar and medial nuclei, as well as the contralateral parts of lateral nuclei had significant volume loss in both TLE. The anteroventral nucleus was most vulnerable. Most thalamic subfields were susceptible to seizure burden, especially the left-TLE. SPM12 was used to conduct an analysis of the gray matter density (GMD) maps. Decreased extratemporal GMD occurred bilaterally. Both TLE demonstrated significant GMD loss over the ipsilateral inferior frontal gyrus, precentral gyrus, and medial orbital cortices. 
Significance: Thalamic subfield atrophy was related to the ipsilateral inferior frontal GMD changes, which presented positively in left-TLE and negatively in right-TLE. These findings suggest prefrontal-thalamo-hippocampal network disruption in TLE.