AUTHOR=Sun Mengyang , Liu Hao , Zhu Bingqing , Liu Yang , Li Aijia , Wang Limei 

TITLE=Comparison of glial fibrillary acidic protein-immunoglobulin G-associated myelitis with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-immunoglobulin G-associated myelitis

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Neurology

VOLUME=Volume 14 - 2023

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neurology/articles/10.3389/fneur.2023.1266067

DOI=10.3389/fneur.2023.1266067

ISSN=1664-2295

ABSTRACT=Objective: Glial fibrillary acidic protein-immunoglobulin G (GFAP-IgG)-associated myelitis and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-IgG (MOG-IgG)-associated myelitis have rarely been compared. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the clinical, laboratory, and imaging features of them to identify the differences. 
Methods: Overall, 14 and 24 patients with GFAP-IgG-and MOG-IgG-associated myelitis, respectively, were retrospectively screened and included in the study. 
Results: Among the 14 patients with GFAP-IgG-associated myelitis, the condition was more common in males (71.4%), with a median age of onset of 36.5 years, and more common in adults than in children (35.7%). In contrast, among the 24 patients with MOG-IgG-associated myelitis, the condition was equally divided between males and females, with a median age of onset of 9.5 years and more in children (66.7%) than in adults. The median age of onset of GFAP-IgG-associated myelitis was later than that of the MOG-IgG group. Isolated myelitis was rare in both groups. Elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein levels were more prevalent in patients with GFAP-IgG-associated myelitis (64.3%) than in those with MOG-IgG-associated myelitis (16.7%) (P<0.05), whereas patchy gadolinium enhancement of the cerebral lesion site was less common in patients with GFAP-IgG-associated myelitis than in those with MOG-IgG associated myelitis (P<0.05). Six patients had a combination of other neurological autoantibodies，the specific mechanism of the overlapping antibodies remains unclear. Conclusion: Cerebrospinal fluid analysis and gadolinium enhanced MRI examination may help to distinguish the two kinds of myelitis.