AUTHOR=Radagdam Saeed , Khaki-Khatibi Fatemeh , Rahbarghazi Reza , Shademan Behrouz , Nourazarian Seyed Manouchehr , Nikanfar Masoud , Nourazarian Alireza 

TITLE=Evaluation of dihydrotestosterone and dihydroprogesterone levels and gene expression of genes involved in neurosteroidogenesis in the SH-SY5Y Alzheimer disease cell model

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Neuroscience

VOLUME=Volume 17 - 2023

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2023.1163806

DOI=10.3389/fnins.2023.1163806

ISSN=1662-453X

ABSTRACT=Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia worldwide. This study investigated the effects of lipopolysaccharide on neurosteroidogenesis and its relationship to growth and differentiation using SH-SY5Y cells.
Methods: In this study, we used the MTT assay to assess the impact of LPS on SH-SY5Y cell viability. We also evaluated apoptotic effects using FITC Annexin V staining to detect phosphatidylserine in the cell membrane. To identify gene expression related to human neurogenesis, we utilized the RT² Profiler TM PCR array Human Neurogenesis PAHS-404Z.
Results: Our study found that LPS had an IC50 level of 0.25 µg/ml on the SH-SY5Y cell line after 48 hours. We observed Aβ deposition in SH-SY5Y cells treated with LPS, and a decrease in DHT and DHP levels in the cells. Our analysis showed that the total rate of apoptosis varied with LPS dilution: 4.6% at 0.1 µg/ml, 10.5% at 10 µg/ml, and 44.1% at 50 µg/ml.We also observed an increase in the expression of several genes involved in human neurogenesis, including ASCL1, BCL2, BDNF, CDK5R1, CDK5RAP2, CREB1, DRD2, HES1, HEYL, NOTCH1, STAT3 and TGFB1, after treatment with LPS at 10 µg/ml and 50 µg/ml. LPS at 50 µg/ml increased the expression of FLNA and NEUROG2, as well as the other genes mentioned.
Conclusion: Our study showed that LPS treatment altered the expression of human neurogenesis genes and decreased DHT and DHP levels in SH-SY5Y cells. These findings suggest that targeting LPS, DHT, and DHP could be potential therapeutic strategies to treat AD or improve its symptoms.