AUTHOR=Anandan Charenya , Jankovic Joseph 

TITLE=Use of botulinum toxin in the management of dystonia in Parkinson’s disease

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Neuroscience

VOLUME=Volume 18 - 2024

YEAR=2024

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2024.1371601

DOI=10.3389/fnins.2024.1371601

ISSN=1662-453X

ABSTRACT=Botulinum toxin is one of the most potent neurotoxins, but when injected into an overac[ve muscle it can transiently alleviate an involuntary movement, such as dystonia. The primary aim of this ar[cle is to provide a comprehensive review of the various forms of dystonia observed in pa[ents with Parkinson's disease that can benefit from therapeu[c trial of botulinum toxin. Although most of these indica[ons are not supported by randomized controlled clinical trials and, therefore, not approved by the Food and Drug Administra[on, there are many open-label trials suppor[ng a large body of empirical experience tes[fying to the benefits of botulinum toxin treatment in these condi[ons.