AUTHOR=Dong Youwei , Cheng Yongxin , Wang Juan , Ren Zhiwei , Lu Yiming , Yuan Kai , Dong Fang , Yu Dahua 

TITLE=Abnormal power and spindle wave activity during sleep in young smokers

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Neuroscience

VOLUME=Volume 19 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2025.1534758

DOI=10.3389/fnins.2025.1534758

ISSN=1662-453X

ABSTRACT=IntroductionSmoking is associated with significant alterations in sleep architecture. Previous studies have revealed changes in the subjective sleep of young smokers, but research on objective sleep assessment using polysomnography (PSG) is limited. This study aims to explore electroencephalography (EEG) power and sleep spindle activity during the sleep of young smokers, as well as to assess the relationship between sleep and smoking variables.MethodsWe collected overnight PSG data from 19 young smokers and 16 non-smokers and assessed nicotine dependence and cumulative effects using the Fagerstrom Nicotine Dependence Test (FTND) and pack-year. Power spectral analysis and sleep spindle detection are used to analyze EEG activity during sleep.ResultsCompared to the non-smokers, young smokers showed increased alpha power in the frontal and central regions and decreased delta power in the central region. The frontal region showed enhanced sleep spindle duration and density. Notably, both relative alpha power and sleep spindle duration in frontal showed a positive correlation with Pack-year.DiscussionSleep EEG power and sleep spindle activity in frontal may serve as biomarkers to assess the sleep quality of young smokers. It may improve the understanding of the relationship of sleep and smoking.