AUTHOR=Dou Xiaoke , Zhao Lei , Li Jing , Jiang Yaqiu 

TITLE=Effect and mechanism of GLP-1 on cognitive function in diabetes mellitus

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Neuroscience

VOLUME=Volume 19 - 2025

YEAR=2025

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnins.2025.1537898

DOI=10.3389/fnins.2025.1537898

ISSN=1662-453X

ABSTRACT=BackgroundDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder associated with cognitive impairment. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and its receptor (GLP-1R) have shown neuroprotective effects.Scope of reviewThis review explores the impact of DM on cognitive function. Diabetes-related cognitive impairment is divided into three stages: diabetes-associated cognitive decrements, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. GLP-1R agonists (GLP-1RAs) have many functions, such as neuroprotection, inhibiting infection, and metabolic regulation, and show good application prospects in improving cognitive function. The mechanisms of GLP-1RAs neuroprotection may be interconnected, warranting further investigation. Understanding these mechanisms could lead to targeted treatments for diabetes-related cognitive dysfunction.Major conclusionsTherefore, this paper reviewed the regulatory effects of GLP-1 on cognitive dysfunction and its possible mechanism. Further research is required to fully explore the potential of GLP-1 and its analogs in this context.