AUTHOR=Zhai Rongqi , Zhang Kaige , Chen Ge , Liu Guangyang , Huang Xiaodong , Gao Mingkun , Zhou Jie , Xu Xiaomin , Li Lingyun , Zhang Yanguo , Wang Jing , Jin Maojun , Xu Donghui , Abd El-Aty A. M. 

TITLE=Residue, Dissipation Pattern, and Dietary Risk Assessment of Imidacloprid in Chinese Chives

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Nutrition

VOLUME=Volume 9 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.846333

DOI=10.3389/fnut.2022.846333

ISSN=2296-861X

ABSTRACT=The demand for Chinese chives is growing as they are also rich in vitamins, fiber, and sulfur nutrients. Chinese chives should be sprayed with imidacloprid to control pests and diseases to safeguard their yield and meet the demand of East Asian consumers for Chinese chives. Overspray of imidacloprid can lead to residues in Chinese chives, posing a severe risk to human health. To reduce the harmful effects of imidacloprid residues on humans, we investigated the imidacloprid dissipation pattern and final residue on Chinese chives using the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe “QuEChERS” method combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Good linearity (R2=0.9988), accuracy (expressed as recovery % of 78.34-91.17%), precision (expressed as relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 0.48-6.43%), and sensitivity (limit of quantification (LOQ) ≤8.07×104 mg/kg) were achieved. The dissipation dynamics were consistent with first-order kinetics, with a half-life of 2.92 days. The final residual levels on Chinese chives were 0.00923-0.166 mg/kg, lower than the maximum residue limits (MRLs) of 1 mg/kg for imidacloprid on Chinese chives. A risk assessment index < 1 indicates that Chinese chives are safe for consumption.