AUTHOR=Morales Eva , García-Serna Azahara M. , Larqué Elvira , Sánchez-Campillo María , Serrano-Munera Ana , Martinez-Graciá Carmen , Santaella-Pascual Marina , Suárez-Martínez Clara , Vioque Jesús , Noguera-Velasco José A. , Avilés-Plaza Francisco V. , Martínez-Villanueva Miriam , Ballesteros-Meseguer Carmen , Galdo-Castiñeira Lina , García-Marcos Luis 

TITLE=Dietary Patterns in Pregnancy and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Mothers and Offspring: The NELA Birth Cohort

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Nutrition

VOLUME=Volume 9 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.869357

DOI=10.3389/fnut.2022.869357

ISSN=2296-861X

ABSTRACT=Background: Although adherence to Mediterranean and antioxidant-rich diets during pregnancy is suggested to improve maternal-fetal health by reducing oxidative stress, no study is available yet. 
Objective: We examined whether maternal dietary patterns in pregnancy impact biomarkers of oxidative stress in mothers and their offspring. 
Methods: Study population included 642 mothers and 335 newborns of the “Nutrition in Early Life and Asthma” (NELA) birth cohort. Maternal diet during pregnancy was assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire and a priori-defined dietary indices (rMED, aMED, DASH, AHEI and AHEI-2010) were calculated. Biomarkers measured were: hydroperoxides, carbonyl groups and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8OHdG) determined in maternal blood and newborn cord blood, and urinary maternal and offspring 15-F2t-isoprostane. Multivariate linear regression models were performed. 
Results: Maternal rMED score was inversely associated with maternal levels of 8OHdG at mid-pregnancy (beta per 1-point increase = -1.61; 95% CI -2.82, -0.39) and newborn levels of hydroperoxides (beta per 1-point increase = -4.54; 95% CI -9.32, 0.25). High versus low maternal rMED score was marginally associated with decreased levels of 8OHdG in newborns (beta = -9.17; 95% CI -19.9, 1.63; p for trend 0.079). Maternal DASH score tended to be inversely associated with maternal urinary 15-F2t-isoprostane (beta per 1-point increase = -0.69; 95% CI, -1.44, 0.06). High versus low maternal AHEI score was associated with reduced offspring urinary levels of 15-F2t-isoprostane (beta = -20.2; 95% CI -38.0, -2.46; p for trend 0.026). 
Conclusion: These results suggest that maternal adherence to healthy dietary patterns during pregnancy may reduce DNA damage and lipid oxidation in mothers and offspring.