AUTHOR=Liu Xiangliang , Chang Yu , Li Yuguang , Zhang Xinwei , Li Fangqi , Song Jia , Shi Hanping , Chen Xiao , Cui Jiuwei TITLE=Prospective cohort study of broccoli consumption frequency and all-cause and cause-specific mortality risks JOURNAL=Frontiers in Nutrition VOLUME=Volume 10 - 2023 YEAR=2024 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1286658 DOI=10.3389/fnut.2023.1286658 ISSN=2296-861X ABSTRACT=Background: Broccoli is rich in vitamins, minerals and antioxidants with broad health benefits, but its intake frequency and dose-response relationship with mortality risk remains unclear.Methods: Using data from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2006, 12486 adults were included. Broccoli intake frequency was evaluated by food frequency questionnaire, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality risks were followed up. The relationship between broccoli intake and mortality risk was analyzed using Cox models.Results: Compared with never consumption, different frequencies of broccoli consumption were associated with significantly decreased risks of all-cause mortality (P for trend <0.001). Consuming broccoli 1-2 times per week was associated with 32%-43% lower mortality risk. More frequent broccoli consumption was negatively correlated with cardiovascular and cancer mortality risks (P<0.05). Consuming broccoli 1-2 times per week for males and ≥3 times per week for females could significantly reduce all-cause mortality risk.Conclusions: Moderate frequent consumption of broccoli may reduce risks of all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Optimal intake frequencies may differ by gender.