AUTHOR=Ranisavljev Marijana , Todorovic Nikola , Stajer Valdemar , Ostojic Sergej M. 

TITLE=Post-marketing surveilance study of creatine-guanidinoacetic acid safety in healthy adults

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Nutrition

VOLUME=Volume 11 - 2024

YEAR=2024

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1414308

DOI=10.3389/fnut.2024.1414308

ISSN=2296-861X

ABSTRACT=A post-marketing surveillance study assessed the adverse events and possible risk of elevated homocysteine levels after the supplementation with creatine-guanidinoacetic acid mixture in apparently healthy adults. The participants were recruited through social media platforms and online discussion boards, with side effects and total plasma homocysteine (T-Hcy) levels evaluated regularly during a supplementation period of six months. Thirthy eight individuals (n = 38, 34.2% female) completed the evaluation period and were included in the final analyses. Serious side effects were absent. Two participants (5.3%) reported transitional nausea during the introductory weeks of the supplementation; no participants stopped the treatment. Baseline T-Hcy levels were 11.6 ± 3.1 µmol/L (95% confidence interval [CI], from 10.6 to 12.6). The intervention induced a mild reduction in T-Hcy levels across the monitoring period (P = 0.028), with T-Hcy levels after one, two, three, and six months were 10.4 ± 3.0 µmol/L, 10.6 ± 2.9 µmol/L, 10.1 ± 2.7 µmol/L, and 9.3 ± 2.8 µmol/L, respectively. These findings suggest the overall tolerability of creatine-guanidinoacetic mixture in healthy adults, with homocysteineincreasing risk of no concern.