AUTHOR=Kahleova Hana , Znayenko-Miller Tatiana , Motoa Giulianna , Eng Emma , Prevost Alex , Uribarri Jaime , Holubkov Richard , Barnard Neal D. 

TITLE=Dietary advanced glycation end-products and their associations with body weight on a Mediterranean diet and low-fat vegan diet: a randomized, cross-over trial

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Nutrition

VOLUME=Volume 11 - 2024

YEAR=2024

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2024.1426642

DOI=10.3389/fnut.2024.1426642

ISSN=2296-861X

ABSTRACT=Objec�ve: Evidence suggests that changes in dietary advanced glyca�on end-products (AGEs) may influence body weight, but the effects of different dietary paterns remain to be explored.The aim of this study was to compare the effects of a Mediterranean and a low-fat vegan diet on dietary AGEs and test their associa�on with body weight.In this randomized cross-over trial, 62 overweight adults were assigned to a Mediterranean or a low-fat vegan diet for 16-week periods in random order, separated by a 4-week washout. Body weight was the primary outcome. Three-day diet records were analyzed using the Nutri�on Data System for Research so�ware and dietary AGEs were es�mated, using an established database. Sta�s�cal approaches appropriate for crossover trials were implemented.Results: Dietary AGEs decreased by 73%, that is, by 9,413 kilounits AGE/day (95% -10,869 to -7,957); p<0.001, compared with no change on the Mediterranean diet (treatment effect -10,303 kilounits AGE/day [95% CI -13,090 to -7,516]; p<0.001). The par�cipants lost 6.0 kg on average on the vegan diet, compared with no change on the Mediterranean diet (treatment effect -6.0 kg [95% CI -7.5 to -4.5]; p<0.001). Changes in dietary AGEs correlated with changes in body weight (r=+0.47; p<0.001) and remained significant a�er adjustment for total energy intake (r=+0.39; p=0.003).Conclusions: Dietary AGEs did not change on the Mediterranean diet but decreased on a lowfat vegan diet, and this decrease was associated with changes in body weight, independent of energy intake.