AUTHOR=Zhou Chenhao , Tuong Zewen Kelvin , Frazer Ian Hector TITLE=Papillomavirus Immune Evasion Strategies Target the Infected Cell and the Local Immune System JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology VOLUME=9 YEAR=2019 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2019.00682 DOI=10.3389/fonc.2019.00682 ISSN=2234-943X ABSTRACT=

Persistent infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) initiates ~5% of all human cancers, and particularly cervical and oropharyngeal cancers. HPV vaccines prevent HPV infection, but do not eliminate existing HPV infections. Papillomaviruses induce hyperproliferation of epithelial cells. In this review we discuss how hyperproliferation renders epithelial cells less sensitive to immune attack, and impacts upon the efficiency of the local immune system. These observations have significance for the design of therapeutic HPV cancer immunotherapies.