AUTHOR=Feng Chuchu , Li Yang , Ke Huang , Peng Xiaomin , Guo Haixia , Zhan Liping , Xiong Xilin , Weng Wenjun , Li Jiaqiang , Fang Jianpei 

TITLE=Immune Microenvironment in Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis: Potential Prognostic Indicators

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology

VOLUME=Volume 11 - 2021

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2021.631682

DOI=10.3389/fonc.2021.631682

ISSN=2234-943X

ABSTRACT=In this study, the immune microenvironment in Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) was characterized to determine if immune indices are predictive of severity. Serum samples from 54 treatment-naïve patients were analyzed quantitatively for inflammatory cytokines and immunoglobulins before and after the induction of chemotherapy. The initial serum sIL-2R, TNF-α, and IL-10 of untreated LCH patients with risk organ involvement (RO+) were significantly higher than those with single-system (SS) involvement. LCH patients with hematologic involvement exhibited a significantly higher sIL-2R, TNF-α, IL-10 and IL-1β expression, as compared to the group without involvement. sIL-2R, TNF-α and IL-10 were increased in patients with liver or spleen involvement. Th cells have decreased in the liver+ and spleen+ group, and Ts cells were significantly decreased in non-response group after induction chemotherapy. The serum level of immune indices represents, to some extent, the severity of the disease. Pertinent laboratory inspections can be used to improve risk-stratification and guide immunotherapy.