AUTHOR=Guo Changcheng , Li Xin , Xie Jinbo , Liu Dan , Geng Jiang , Ye Lin , Yan Yang , Yao Xudong , Luo Ming 

TITLE=RETRACTED: Long Noncoding RNA SNHG1 Activates Autophagy and Promotes Cell Invasion in Bladder Cancer

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology

VOLUME=Volume 11 - 2021

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2021.660551

DOI=10.3389/fonc.2021.660551

ISSN=2234-943X

ABSTRACT=LncRNAs play important roles in bladder cancer. However, few studies report on correlation between lncRNAs expression with autophagy in bladder cancer. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of lncRNA on autophagy in bladder cancer. The findings showed that SNHG1 are highly expressed in bladder cancer cell and tumor tissues. High expression levels of SNHG1 were positively correlated with bladder cancer cell invasion, proliferation and autophagy. This finding implies that SNHG1 promote bladder cancer cell invasion and proliferation through autophagy. Further analysis of the mechanism of action of SNHG1 showed that it functions as a miRNA sponge for miRNA-493 in bladder cancer. miRNA-493 binds on the 3’ -UTR of ATG14 mRNA thus affecting ATG14 protein expression. ATG14 protein is implicated in autophagy. Reports from preclinical studies using multiple Bca cell lines and TCGA show that SNHG1 plays oncogenic role by sponging miR-493-5p or acting as its ceRNA. Upregulation of SNHG1 pro¬motes proliferation, invasion, and autophagy of bladder cancer cells through miR-493-5p/ATG14/ autophagy pathway. Therefore, SNHG1 is a potential therapeutic target for treat¬ment of bladder cancer.